“…This could potentially mitigate the negative effects of high chemical consumption. In the Base case, less aggressive conditions are used ([Cu 2+ ] = 40 g/L, [Cl − ] = 125 g/L, [Br − ] = 5 g/L, T = 95°C, atmospheric pressure) and this is expected to facilitate the fast leaching of gold but also the sufficient leaching of refractory sulfides (Elomaa et al 2018;Seisko, Aromaa and Lundström 2019). However, the leaching times are slightly higher (20 h in the Total oxidation scenario and 10 h in the Partial sulfide oxidation scenario), indicating an increase in energy consumption.…”