“…Since the "heat and temperature" unit, which is one of the subjects of the 9th grade physics course, was addressed, the target audience of the research was high school students. As research sample, previous studies in the interactive e-books field covered university students (Almekhlafi, 2021;Kao et al, 2019), preschool students (Li et al, 2020;Mouri et al, 2018;Sung & Wu, 2017), or primary school students (Huang & Liang, 2015;Hwang & Lai, 2017;Sung et al, 2019a, b;Umarji et al, 2020). There were a limited number of studies on physics subjects with high school students (Adam & Suprapto, 2019;Adawiyah et al, 2019;Harjono et al, 2020;Hasan et al, 2018;Perwita & Fauzi, 2021;Septikasari et al, 2021).…”