Operating Permissioned Blockchain in Clouds: A Performance Study of Hyperledger Sawtooth

Shi, Zeshun; Zhou, Huan; Surbiryala, Jayachander; Laat, Cees de; Zhao, Zhiming

doi:10.1109/ispdc.2019.00010

Cited by 28 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Apart from Fabric, Z. Shi et al [74] empirically studied the performance of Sawtooth, another well-known permissioned blockchain platform from Hyperledger. The examined performance metrics include consistency (i.e., whether the platform's performance behaves consistently each time with the same workload and cloud VM configuration), stability (i.e., whether the platform's performance remains stable with the same workload, but different cloud VM configurations) and scalability (i.e., how the platform performance achieves scalability with different workloads and configuration parameters).…”

Section: ) Hyperledger Performance Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Evaluation of Blockchain Systems: A Systematic Survey

et al. 2020

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Blockchain has been envisioned to be a disruptive technology with potential for applications in various industries. As more and more different blockchain platforms have emerged, it is essential to assess their performance in different use cases and scenarios. In this paper, we conduct a systematic survey on the blockchain performance evaluation by categorizing all reviewed solutions into two general categories, namely, empirical analysis and analytical modelling. In the empirical analysis, we comparatively review the current empirical blockchain evaluation methodologies, including benchmarking, monitoring, experimental analysis and simulation. In analytical modelling, we investigate the stochastic models applied to performance evaluation of mainstream blockchain consensus algorithms. Through contrasting, comparison and grouping different methods together, we extract important criteria that can be used for selecting the most suitable evaluation technique for optimizing the performance of blockchain systems based on their identified bottlenecks. Finally, we conclude the survey by presenting a list of possible directions for future research.

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Section: ) Hyperledger Performance Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Evaluation of Blockchain Systems: A Systematic Survey

et al. 2020

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“…Furthermore, it allows choosing a language for business transactions without requiring the internal details of the core system's underlying design. The high modularity further allows sawtooth to enable consortia and enterprises to make the best policy equipping them with better decision-making abilities [37]. The design grants the blockchain application to customize transactional rules and allows the implementation of permissioned and consensus algorithms.…”

Section: B Blockchain Hyperledger Sawtooth In Multimedia Forensicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MF-Ledger: Blockchain Hyperledger Sawtooth-Enabled Novel and Secure Multimedia Chain of Custody Forensic Investigation Architecture

et al. 2021

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Due to globalization and worldwide connectivity, multimedia data exchange has increased significantly over the Internet in the last decade. The life cycle of multimedia content is also getting more multifaceted as more people are accessing, sharing, modifying and re-using multimedia information. This poses serious challenges for the multimedia industry to provide integrity, reliability and trustworthiness for multimedia investigations against the growing cybersecurity threats. This paper bridges this gap by enabling a secure and transparent digital forensic investigations process using blockchain technology. MF-Ledger a Blockchain Hyperledger sawtooth-enabled novel, secure and efficient digital forensic investigation architecture is proposed where participating stakeholders create a private network to exchange and agree on different investigation activities before being stored on the blockchain ledger. We have created digital contracts (smart contracts) and implemented them using sequence diagrams to handle the stakeholders' secure interaction in the investigation process. The proposed architectural solution delivers robust information integrity, prevention, and preservation mechanism to permanently and immutably store the evidence (chain of custody) in a private permissioned encrypted blockchain ledger.

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“…In principle, each oracle can choose the cloud resources to form the blockchain platform. However, to control variability, we simulate a scenario where all blockchain nodes are deployed in one cloud data center where each oracle leverages one VM to be one of the blockchain nodes in the blockchain platform. For the consensus algorithm, we adopt the PoET algorithm, which appears to be scalable 31 We choose the IntKey smart contract provided by Sawtooth as the workload input.…”

Section: Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distributed service‐level agreement management with smart contracts and blockchain

Uriarte

Zhou

Kritikos

et al. 2020

Concurrency and Computation

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Summary The current cloud market is dominated by a few providers, which offer cloud services in a take‐it‐or‐leave‐it manner. However, the dynamism and uncertainty of cloud environments may require the change over time of both application requirements and service capabilities. The current service‐level agreement (SLA) management solutions cannot easily guarantee a trustworthy, distributed SLA adaptation due to the centralized authority of the cloud provider who could also misbehave to pursue individual goals. To address the above issues, we propose a novel SLA management framework, which facilitates the specification and enforcement of dynamic SLAs that enable one to describe how, and under which conditions, the offered service level can change over time. The proposed framework relies on a two‐level blockchain architecture. At the first level, the smart SLA is transformed into a smart contract that dynamically guides service provisioning. At the second level, a permissioned blockchain is built through a federation of monitoring entities to generate objective measurements for the smart SLA/contract assessment. The scalability of this permissioned blockchain is also thoroughly evaluated. The proposed framework enables creating open distributed clouds, which offer manageable and dynamic services, and facilitates cost reduction for cloud consumers, while it increases flexibility in resource management and trust in the offered cloud services.

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Operating Permissioned Blockchain in Clouds: A Performance Study of Hyperledger Sawtooth

Cited by 28 publications

References 20 publications

Performance Evaluation of Blockchain Systems: A Systematic Survey

Performance Evaluation of Blockchain Systems: A Systematic Survey

MF-Ledger: Blockchain Hyperledger Sawtooth-Enabled Novel and Secure Multimedia Chain of Custody Forensic Investigation Architecture

Distributed service‐level agreement management with smart contracts and blockchain

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