“…The DEA technique is a non-parametric approach that is frequently used to determine the relative efficiency of DMUs (Charnes et al, 1978). In recent years, DEA has established itself as a common technique for evaluating the performance of homogeneous DMUs (Selim and Bursalıo glu, 2015;Agasisti and Ricca, 2016;Liu et al, 2016;Alizadeh and Omrani, 2019;Ghasemi et al, 2020), hotels (Manasakis et al, 2013), Airports (Adler et al, 2013), banking (Paradi and Zhu, 2013), railways (Bhanot and Singh, 2014), telecommunications (Masson et al, 2016), airlines (Duygun et al, 2016), financial services (Kaffash and Marra, 2017), land use (Kuang et al, 2020), and universities have all benefited from (Kong and Fu, 2012;Jauhar et al, 2017;Sagarra et al, 2017;Shamohammadi and Oh, 2019;Ghimire et al, 2021).…”