Operational efficiency of a pilot plant for wastewater reuse

Croce, F.; Hendricks, David W.; Pollara, Joe; Poulsom, Susan; Oliveri, R; Torregrossa, Maria Valeria; Valentino, Laura; Candura, Ranieri

doi:10.2166/wst.1996.0702

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The institutionalisation of centralised approaches is also a crucial factor. Technology has however, progressed, and small-scale treatment is now capable of reliably and consistently producing high quality effluents (Croce et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decentralised urban water reuse: The implications of system scale for cost and pathogen risk

Fane

Ashbolt

White

2002

Water Science and Technology

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The non-potable reuse of treated sewage in urban areas provides significant conservation of potable supplies beyond that available through water use efficiency. Effluent reuse is also an inevitable requirement in novel decentralised wastewater systems. At present, urban water reuse, where pursued, usually involves large-scale schemes based on new or existing centralised sewage treatment plants. This is despite the diseconomy of scale inherent in pipe networks that balances economies of scale in sewage treatment and negates any cost advantage for wastewater systems with more than around 1,000 connections. In light of this, the theoretical relationship between effluent reuse system scale and pathogen risks was examined at various effluent qualities. Waterborne disease was seen to be a significant factor when reusing effluent in urban areas and smaller systems were found to pose a lower risk of waterborne infection, all other things being equal. Pathogen risks were then included within an economic analysis of system scale. It was concluded that with the inclusion of pathogen risks as a costed externality, taking a decentralised approach to urban water reuse would be economically advantageous in most cases. This conclusion holds despite an exact evaluation of increased waterborne disease due to effluent reuse remaining problematic.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decentralised urban water reuse: The implications of system scale for cost and pathogen risk

Fane

Ashbolt

White

2002

Water Science and Technology

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“…It is reported that more than half of the 667 cities in China are facing water shortage (He et al, 2001). What's more, industrialization and urbanization have accelerated pollution in the water environment (Christova-Boal et al, 1996), making water a limited resource, especially in northern China, and thus great attention is being paid to the reclamation and reuse of treated water discharged from municipal or industrial wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) (Croce et al, 1996;Aramaki et al 2001;Eriksson et al, 2002;Fane et al 2002). Advanced/ tertiary plays a critical role in the effective treatment of municipal and industrial wastewater to meet water quality objectives for water reuse and to protect public health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficiencies of residual organic pollutants removal from secondary effluent by switching of coagulation–air flotation–filtration processes

Huang

Zhang

et al. 2006

Water Science and Technology

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It is an essential task to remove the residual organic pollutants (ROP) from secondary effluent of a Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) in wastewater reclamation and reuse processes. Four different compared flow schemes would be achieved for further purification of the secondary effluent by switching of different valves. In order to mainly remove non-biodegradable residual organic pollutants under various operating conditions, the optimum technology and economic process was obtained in the advanced purification flow scheme at a flow of 3200 m(3)/d in Harbin Wenchang WWTP. Conclusions under a lot of experiments show that: choosing the coagulation-settler plus biofilm filter for advanced purification process is reasonable; during the stable operation phase, this process showed good performance in removing the COD, BOD5, TP, NH3-N and SS; the removal rates are 50%, 39%, 67%, 50%, 80% respectively. The effluent is able to excel the requirements for wastewater reuse standards. The unit cost of the water is 0.542 yuan/m(3), which is far below the fee paid for supply water, long-distance transfer water or seawater desalination through economic analysis.

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Wastewater reuse potential analysis: implications for China's water resources management

Chu¹,

Chen²,

Wang³

et al. 2004

Water Research

165

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Operational efficiency of a pilot plant for wastewater reuse

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

Decentralised urban water reuse: The implications of system scale for cost and pathogen risk

Decentralised urban water reuse: The implications of system scale for cost and pathogen risk

Efficiencies of residual organic pollutants removal from secondary effluent by switching of coagulation–air flotation–filtration processes

Wastewater reuse potential analysis: implications for China's water resources management

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