Opportunities and Challenges for Water and Wastewater Industries to Provide Exchangeable Services

Sparn, Bethany; Hunsberger, R.

doi:10.2172/1227107

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Flexible operation of medium-to large-sized electricity loads can support the integration of renewable energies into the German electricity system [2]. Drinking water pumping and treatment plants have largely untapped potential for demand side management [14]. A key factor for increasing flexibility is the positioning of additional storage capacity, which allows water pumping to be controlled independently from water treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although their electricity demand may not be comparable to that of production industries, they are equipped with extensive water reservoirs and thus have considerable load shifting potential. Despite the large DSM potential in this sector, few studies have analyzed how to perform load management be pursued in this field [11][12][13][14]. Most of the research focused on improving the energy efficiency in water supply systems [15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cost-Optimal Flexibilization of Drinking Water Pumping and Treatment Plants

Zimmermann

Gardian

Rohrig

2018

Water

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This paper examines potential cost savings attained through the flexible operation of water treatment plants and drinking water pumping and the benefits gained by investing in extended water storage capacities that enhance flexibility. An existing plant in South Germany serves as an example. Mixed-integer linear programming is used to model the plant and the electricity procurement on the German spot market while ensuring the security of supply. Cost optimization considering the different cost components reveals potential cost savings through flexible operation. The paper evaluates the benefits of building additional water reservoirs and rates the financial effects of the measures used to enhance the flexibility of water pumping and treatment plants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost-Optimal Flexibilization of Drinking Water Pumping and Treatment Plants

Zimmermann

Gardian

Rohrig

2018

Water

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“…Experimental studies (Adetola et al 2018;Lin et al 2015;Su and Norford 2015b) have tested these devices using PJM Regulation A and D standard signals to demonstrate their adequacy. Other systems that could provide frequency regulation in commercial buildings include electric vehicles (Jin and Meintz 2015) and water pumping systems (Sparn and Hunsberger 2015).…”

Section: Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings Technical Report Seriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grid-Interactive Efficient Buildings Technical Report Series: Whole-Building Controls, Sensors, Modeling, and Analytics

Roth

Reyna

2019

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List of Acronyms and Abbreviations AFDD automated fault detection and diagnosis BAS building automation system BEM building energy modeling BTO Building Technologies Office DER distributed energy resource DOE U.S. Department of Energy GEB grid-interactive efficient building HVAC heating, ventilation, and air conditioning MPC model predictive control M&V measurement and verification PV photovoltaic R&D research and development T&D transmission and distribution v GRID-INTERACTIVE EFFICIENT BUILDINGS TECHNICAL REPORT SERIES: Whole-Building Controls, Sensors, Modeling, and Analytics Glossary These definitions are for the purposes of the Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings Technical Report Series. They may be defined differently or more generally in other contexts. Grid services Services that support the generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity and provide value through avoided electricity generation and/or delivery costs; this report series focuses on grid services that can be provided by grid-interactive efficient buildings. Distributed energy resource (DER) A behind-the-meter resource that provides electricity generation, storage, or demand flexibility. Examples of DERs include solar photovoltaics (PV), wind, combined heat and power, stationary batteries, electric vehicles, and demand flexibility mechanisms such as smart thermostats, connected building automation systems (BAS), and other remotely controllable loads (National Association of Regulatory Utility Commissioners 2016). Energy efficiency Ongoing reduction in annual energy use to provide the same or improved level of building function. Demand flexibility Capability of DERs to adjust a building's load profile across different timescales; energy flexibility and load flexibility are often used interchangeably with demand flexibility. Demand response Activation of demand flexibility in response to price signals or explicit commands from the grid. Grid-interactive efficient building (GEB) An energy-efficient building that uses smart technologies and on-site DERs to provide demand flexibility while co-optimizing for energy cost, grid services, and occupant needs and preferences in a continuous and integrated way. Smart technologies for energy management Controls, sensors, models and analytics used to manage energy efficiency and demand flexibility in buildings and DERs. GEBs are characterized by their use of these technologies.

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“…SuHV-1 and HSV-1 belong to the Herpesviridae family and are similar in size, structure, and function 168,258 . SuHV-1 causes Aujeszky's disease in pigs 21 , while HSV-1 produces oral or genital lesions in humans 20 . Both are large enveloped viruses with diameters of 110-200 nm 170 .…”

Section: Model Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Public scrutiny, lack of resources and high energy costs are only a fraction of challenges that WWTPs face 20 . To adequately treat wastewater, plants utilize 2-4% of the total energy generated in the U.S. in a given year, producing high operation costs 21 . Rural WWTPs pay ~$0.16 per cubic meter of wastewater treated or about $700,000 per year 22 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of Pathogen Inactivation in Wastewater and Pharmaceutical Applications

Meingast¹

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Opportunities and Challenges for Water and Wastewater Industries to Provide Exchangeable Services

Cited by 22 publications

References 9 publications

Cost-Optimal Flexibilization of Drinking Water Pumping and Treatment Plants

Cost-Optimal Flexibilization of Drinking Water Pumping and Treatment Plants

Grid-Interactive Efficient Buildings Technical Report Series: Whole-Building Controls, Sensors, Modeling, and Analytics

Mechanisms of Pathogen Inactivation in Wastewater and Pharmaceutical Applications

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