Optic nerve hypoplasia and small eyes in presumed amblyopia

Lempert, Philip

doi:10.1067/mpa.2000.106963

Cited by 71 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…2 Some authors have elucidated the abnormal alterations of the optic nerve, ganglion cells, and nerve fi ber layer of retina in amblyopia. 3 Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive technique for high-resolution crosssectional tomographic imaging of the retina and optic nerve head. 4 Although the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and macular thickness have been Purpose: To compare the macular and nerve fi ber layer thicknesses as measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in amblyopic and fellow eyes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macular and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Unilateral Anisometropic or Strabismic Amblyopia

Andalib

Javadzadeh²,

Nabai³

et al. 2013

J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus

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Purpose: To compare the macular and nerve fiber layer thicknesses as measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in amblyopic and fellow eyes. Methods: Fifty patients with monocular strabismic (n = 25) or anisometropic (n = 25) amblyopia (best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) ranging from 20/40 to 20/400) were included in a prospective cross-sectional descriptive study. A refractive error more than 5 diopters in either eye or an axial length difference between the eyes of more than 1 mm was excluded in the anisometropic group. In all cases, the thickness of the macular area and the peripapillary nerve fiber layer were measured by OCT in both amblyopic and fellow eyes and compared with each other. Results: The mean age of patients was 10 ± 3.1 years (range: 6 to 18 years) in the anisometropic group and 8.9 ± 3.7 years (range: 6 to 18 years) in the strabismic group. In the anisometropic group, the mean macular thickness was significantly increased in the amblyopic eyes (222.6 ± 47.8 μm) versus the fellow eyes (205.6 ± 33.3 μm) ( P = .002), although there was no significant difference observed when comparing with the prepapillary nerve fiber layer ( P = .55). There was no significant correlation of above-mentioned matters in the strabismic group ( P = .07 and .52). Conclusion: A thicker macula was found in anisometropic amblyopic eyes, but the increase of macular thickness in strabismic amblyopic eyes was not significant. Retinal involvement was not observed in the peripapillary nerve fiber layer of amblyopic eyes. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2013;50(4):218–221.]

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macular and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Unilateral Anisometropic or Strabismic Amblyopia

Andalib

Javadzadeh²,

Nabai³

et al. 2013

J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus

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“…As ONH frequently occurs in conjunction with other malformations of the central nervous system, early diagnosis, and prognostic information is important to avoid confusion with amblyopia and to mitigate adverse outcomes associated with visual impairment, endocrine dysfunction, and developmental delay [8][9][10][11][12][13]. Reliable strategies for objective diagnosis of ONH based on the optic disc size relative to other fundus features have been devised [14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light-adapted electroretinograms in optic nerve hypoplasia

et al. 2009

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The purpose of the study is to characterise retinal function using light-adapted electroretinograms (ERGs) in a series of young children with ONH, congenital dysplasia of retinal ganglion cells. ERGs were recorded with chloral hydrate sedation in 27 children with ONH (18 with bilateral and 9 with unilateral ONH, age 4-35 months) and an adult reference population (n = 12). Stimuli included ISCEV standard flash, oscillatory potentials (OPs) and standard flicker as well as a light-adapted luminance-response series (photopic hill). The disc diameter to disc macula (DD:DM) ratio was measured from fundus photographs. The results are eyes with ONH, classified by DD:DM, were severe (0.35, n = 9), all had prolonged ERG implicit times and smaller i-waves than those of adults. Eyes with moderate or severe ONH also had smaller amplitudes for OPs and flicker ERGs and required stronger flashes to obtain the peak b-wave amplitude. Abnormalities of the photopic hill were a common but inconsistent feature of ONH and were not indicative of ONH severity. Abnormalities of the photopic hill of the ERG suggest that some cases of ONH may have retinal dysfunction with specific deficits in the ON or OFF pathways of the retina. ONH is a complex and heterogeneous condition that may involve dysfunction distal to the retinal ganglion cells.

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“…1 Some authors have suggested that the amblyopic eye also may have retinal abnormalities, including changes to retinal ganglion cells, the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), and the optic nerve. 2 The authors of a number of studies have reported the results of RNFL examination in amblyopic patients by using different devices. 3,4 Stratus-optical coherence tomography (Stratus-OCT) is a noninvasive technique for high-resolution, crosssectional tomographic imaging of retinal tissue at an axial resolution of 10 mm.…”

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confidence: 99%