Optic Neuritis Associated With Chikungunya Virus Infection in South India

Mittal, Apoorva; Mittal, Saurabh; Bharati, M. Jayahar; Ramakrishnan, Rengappa; Saravanan, Sankarlingam; Sathe, Padmakar S.

doi:10.1001/archopht.125.10.1381

Cited by 83 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…viruses, such as chikungunya (19)(20)(21), dengue virus (DENV) (22)(23)(24), and West Nile virus (WNV) (25,26), in adults, including optic neuritis, retinal hemorrhages, and retinal edema. Therefore, it is highly unlikely that the microcephaly itself causes retinal abnormalities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zika virus infects cells lining the blood-retinal barrier and causes chorioretinal atrophy in mouse eyes

et al. 2017

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zika virus infects cells lining the blood-retinal barrier and causes chorioretinal atrophy in mouse eyes

et al. 2017

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“…Other classical symptoms of CHIKV infection include febrile illness (temperature usually .38.9˚C), maculopapular rashes, myalgia, headache, edema of the extremities, and gastrointestinal complaints (10,11). In some cases, CHIKV complications, such as acute nephritis (12), myocarditis, pericarditis (13), myopericarditis (14), retrobulbar neuritis (15), neurologic complications, and death, have also been reported (16,17).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Pathogenic Role for CD4+ T Cells during Chikungunya Virus Infection in Mice

Teo

Lum

Claser

et al. 2013

The Journal of Immunology

203

277

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Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an alphavirus that causes chronic and incapacitating arthralgia in humans. Injury to the joint is believed to occur because of viral and host immune-mediated effects. However, the exact involvement of the different immune mediators in CHIKV-induced pathogenesis is unknown. In this study, we assessed the roles of T cells in primary CHIKV infection, virus replication and dissemination, and virus persistence, as well as in the mediation of disease severity in adult RAG2−/−, CD4−/−, CD8−/−, and wild-type CHIKV C57BL/6J mice and in wild-type mice depleted of CD4+ or CD8+ T cells after Ab treatment. CHIKV-specific T cells in the spleen and footpad were investigated using IFN-γ ELISPOT. Interestingly, our results indicated that CHIKV-specific CD4+, but not CD8+, T cells are essential for the development of joint swelling without any effect on virus replication and dissemination. Infection in IFN-γ−/− mice demonstrated that pathogenic CD4+ T cells do not mediate inflammation via an IFN-γ–mediated pathway. Taken together, these observations strongly indicate that mechanisms of joint pathology induced by CHIKV in mice resemble those in humans and differ from infections caused by other arthritogenic viruses, such as Ross River virus.

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“…A delay of more than two weeks has been reported with other complications like myelitis, GBS, and optic neuritis 13,17,21 . A prospective study, performed in India from August to October 2006, of 20 hospitalized patients, found the occurrence of neurological symptoms and signs early in the course of the disease in cases of Chikungunya.…”

Section: Confirmed Cases Of Zikamentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Neurological complications described in the recent epidemics include: meningo-encephalitis, meningoencephalo-myeloradiculitis, myeloradiculitis, myelitis, myeloneuropathy, Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS), external ophthalmoplegia, facial palsy, sensorineural deafness, and optic neuritis 13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23 . Optic nerve involvement in CHIKV infection includes papillitis, retrobulbar neuritis, and neuroretinitis 17 .…”

Section: Clinical and Neurological Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neurological manifestations of Chikungunya and Zika infections

Pinheiro

Guimarães

Silva

et al. 2016

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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The epidemics of Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and Zika virus (ZIKV) infections have been considered the most important epidemiological occurrences in the Americas. The clinical picture of CHIKV infection is characterized by high fever, exanthema, myalgia, headaches, and arthralgia. Besides the typical clinical picture of CHIKV, atypical manifestations of neurological complications have been reported: meningo-encephalitis, meningoencephalo-myeloradiculitis, myeloradiculitis, myelitis, myeloneuropathy, Guillain-Barré syndrome and others. The diagnosis is based on clinical, epidemiological, and laboratory criteria. The most common symptoms of ZIKV infection are skin rash (mostly maculopapular), fever, arthralgia, myalgia, headache, and conjunctivitis. Some epidemics that have recently occurred in French Polynesia and Brazil, reported the most severe conditions, with involvement of the nervous system (Guillain-Barré syndrome, transverse myelitis, microcephaly and meningitis). The treatment for ZIKV and CHIKV infections are symptomatic and the management for neurological complications depends on the type of affliction. Intravenous immunoglobulin, plasmapheresis, and corticosteroid pulse therapy are options.

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Optic Neuritis Associated With Chikungunya Virus Infection in South India

Cited by 83 publications

References 19 publications

Zika virus infects cells lining the blood-retinal barrier and causes chorioretinal atrophy in mouse eyes

Zika virus infects cells lining the blood-retinal barrier and causes chorioretinal atrophy in mouse eyes

A Pathogenic Role for CD4+ T Cells during Chikungunya Virus Infection in Mice

Neurological manifestations of Chikungunya and Zika infections

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