Optic Neuritis Presenting in Hashimoto’s Encephalopathy: A Case Report

Chung, Kyu Ho; Park, Jae Yong; Choi, Jin Seok

doi:10.3341/kjo.2021.0051

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 3 publications

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“…Hwang et al reported the case of a 56-year-old female who presented with orthostatic myoclonus, a manifestation characterized by multiple muscle fasciculations in the lower extremities that appear immediately upon standing ( 56 ). Another publication reported the case of a 32-year-old male who received a diagnosis of HE accompanying optic neuritis ( 57 ). Termsarasab et al, reported 2 cases of pure cerebellar ataxia without encephalopathy manifestations in 2 patients diagnosed with HE ( 58 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of intravenous immunoglobulin in the treatment of Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: case based review

Şorodoc,

Constantin,

Asaftei

et al. 2023

Front. Neurol.

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BackgroundHashimoto’s encephalopathy (HE) is a controversial immunological neuropsychiatric disease, with a poorly understood pathogenesis. It is characterized by symptoms of acute or subacute encephalopathy which usually occur in the presence of elevated levels of antithyroid antibodies. Even though it is also known as steroid responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis (SREAT), some cases appear to be steroid-resistant. This review examined whether treatment of Hashimoto’s encephalopathy with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is associated with better clinical outcomes than the standard therapy. Additionally, we presented a case of a 59-year-old man who presented with severe neurological manifestations and was successfully treated with intravenous immunoglobulin.MethodsThe online databases PubMed and EMBASE were searched.ResultsA total of 1,365 articles were identified. After the deletion of 112 duplicates, 1,253 studies were screened by evaluating the title and abstract, focusing on Hashimoto’s encephalopathy cases where IVIG were used. 846 studies were excluded because they were not relevant to the topic or included pediatric population. Therefore, 407 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility. The final analysis included 14 eligible articles after 393 were excluded (irrelevant texts, not written in English, full-text not available). In the majority of the selected case-reports, IVIG was associated with a good outcome, sometimes even with dramatic improvements in patient’s status.ConclusionIn last years, intravenous immunoglobulin therapy proved its utility in Hashimoto’s encephalopathy’s treatment, being a well tolerated therapy associated with remarkable improvement in patient’s status. Further research is still needed in order to define the optimal treatment protocol for Hashimoto’s encephalopathy and to establish if intravenous immunoglobulin can also be used as a first-line therapy, alone or in combination with steroids.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%