Optical Biopsy and Optical Pathology: Affordable Health Care Under Low-Resource Settings

Abstract

In this paper the potential of optical spectroscopy based techniques for regular screening and early diagnosis of "Killer" diseases (various types of cancers, cardiovascular diseases, etc.) is discussed with focus on routine use under low-resource settings. A brief account of work carried out in our laboratory to design, assemble and optimize Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) based optical devices for routine screening, early diagnosis and discrimination of premalignant/malignant conditions in oral and other cancers is presented. An ultra-sensitive protein profiling system based on highly efficient High Performance Liquid Chromatograpy-Ultrasensitive Laser Induced Fluorescence (HPLC-LIF) detection, and its extensive use in monitoring various cancers, coronary conditions, gynecological problems etc. through protein profile pattern analyses of markers in body fluids is also discussed.

Protein profile analysis of tear fluid with hyphenated HPLC-UV LED-induced fluorescence detection for the diagnosis of dry eye syndrome

“…Descriptive statistics and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were performed using Unscrambler X (version 10.4 CAMO, Norway) software. 26 “Descriptive statistics is an important part of biomedical research which is used to extract the basic features of the data in the study”. 27 In this study, based on mean and standard deviation values, box plots have been drawn accordingly to determine the variations in the different regions of both control and moderate dry eye protein profiles.…”

Cardiovascular biomarkers in body fluids: progress and prospects in optical sensors

“…We have extended recently, our ultra-sensitive HPLC-LIF technique for the analysis of blood serum of CVD subjects (Rao et al 2020). Serum protein profiles of healthy volunteers ( 14) and patients with different heart diseases (11) were recorded, using the HPLC-LIF system developed in our laboratory.…”

“…A total of 17 normal samples and 32 ACS samples were collected. Experimental details have been explained elsewhere(Rao et al 2020)(Patil et al 2012).…”