Optical coherence tomographic findings in optic nerve hypoplasia

Moon, Daruchi; Park, Tae Kwann

doi:10.4103/0301-4738.121088

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“… 12,13,18 To date, the potential of SD OCT to assess optic nerve and macula morphology in patients with ONH in vivo has been largely unexplored. In 2013, Moon and Park 16 confirmed previous histopathology data in 1 patient with ONH compared with the healthy eye using SD OCT. In this study we have recruited a substantial number of patients with ONH and report new OCT findings of ONH and retinal changes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“… 13,14 To date, there are only a few articles investigating the in vivo eye morphology in ONH using optical coherence tomography (OCT). 15,16 In 2013, Moon and Park 16 described RNFL thinning and thinning of the structures located between the posterior boundary of the RNFL and the posterior boundary of the outer plexiform layer (OPL) of the retina measured together in 1 patient with ONH compared with the healthy eye using SD OCT. There are no investigations about possible macular changes associated with ONH.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-Resolution Imaging of the Optic Nerve and Retina in Optic Nerve Hypoplasia

Pilat¹,

Sibley²,

McLean

et al. 2015

Ophthalmology

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PurposeTo investigate the optic nerve and macular morphology in patients with optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH) using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT).DesignProspective, cross-sectional, observational study.SubjectsA total of 16 participants with ONH (10 female and 6 male; mean age, 17.2 years; 6 bilateral involvement) and 32 gender-, age-, ethnicity-, and refraction-matched healthy controls.MethodsHigh-resolution SD OCT (Copernicus [Optopol Technology S.A., Zawiercie, Poland], 3 μm resolution) and handheld SD OCT (Bioptigen Inc [Research Triangle Park, NC], 2.6 μm resolution) devices were used to acquire horizontal scans through the center of the optic disc and macula.Main Outcome MeasuresHorizontal optic disc/cup and rim diameters, cup depth, peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), and thickness of individual retinal layers in participants with ONH and in controls.ResultsPatients with ONH had significantly smaller discs (P < 0.03 and P < 0.001 compared with unaffected eye and healthy controls, respectively), horizontal cup diameter (P < 0.02 for both), and cup depth (P < 0.02 and P < 0.01, respectively). In the macula, significantly thinner RNFL (nasally), ganglion cell layer (GCL) (nasally and temporally), inner plexiform layer (IPL) (nasally), outer nuclear layer (ONL) (nasally), and inner segment (centrally and temporally) were found in patients with ONH compared with the control group (P < 0.05 for all comparisons). Continuation of significantly thicker GCL, IPL, and outer plexiform layer in the central retinal area (i.e., foveal hypoplasia) was found in more than 80% of patients with ONH. Clinically unaffected fellow eyes of patients with ONH showed mild features of underdevelopment. Visual acuity and presence of septo-optic dysplasia were associated with changes in GCL and IPL. Sensitivity and specificity for the detection of ONH based on disc and retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters were >80%.ConclusionsOur study provides evidence of retinal changes in ONH. In addition to thinning of retina layers mainly involving the RNFL and GCL, signs reminiscent of foveal hypoplasia were observed in patients with ONH. Optic nerve and foveal parameters measured using OCT showed high sensitivity and specificity for detecting ONH, demonstrating their useful for clinical diagnosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Resolution Imaging of the Optic Nerve and Retina in Optic Nerve Hypoplasia

Pilat¹,

Sibley²,

McLean

et al. 2015

Ophthalmology

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“…The retinal structure in eyes with ONH has been studied using OCT 8 9 10 and histopathologic data 2 11 12 , and the function has been studied using FF-ERG 14 15 16 17 18 ; however, these studies have been performed independently. In the current study, we performed SD-OCT, FF-ERG, and FM-ERG in the same eyes with ONH and investigated the retinal structure and function in those eyes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The retinal structure in eyes with ONH has been studied using optical coherence tomography (OCT) 8 9 10 and histopathologic analysis 2 11 12 , with the focus on the ganglion cell layer (GCL) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL). Pathological studies have reported a significant reduction in the thicknesses of the GCL and RNFL in eyes with ONH 2 11 12 , and these findings have been confirmed non-invasively in vivo by OCT measurements 8 9 10 with excellent reproducibility 13 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Retinal Structure and Function in Eyes with Optic Nerve Hypoplasia

Katagiri

Nishina

Yamaguchi

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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We investigated retinal structure and function in eyes with optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH). Twenty-nine eyes of 18 patients with ONH and 21 eyes of 21 control patients were analyzed. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), full-field electroretinography (FF-ERG), and focal macular ERG (FM-ERG) were performed. SD-OCT analysis of the macular region showed significant ganglion cells complex (GCC) thinning nasally and temporally (P < 0.05), but the thickness from the inner nuclear layer (INL) to the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) became thinner only nasally (P < 0.05). SD-OCT analysis of the circumpapillary region showed significant thinning in the retinal nerve fiber layer and from the INL to the RPE (P < 0.05). The horizontal SD-OCT images showed variable foveal abnormalities. FF-ERG analysis showed significantly reduced amplitudes (P < 0.05) and preserved implicit time in the photopic negative response. The amplitudes and implicit times of the other FF-ERG components did not differ significantly. FM-ERG analysis showed significantly reduced amplitudes (P < 0.05) but preserved implicit times in all components. The current study showed the change of retinal structure and function in eyes with ONH compared with those with control, representing by decreased retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons, foveal abnormalities, and preserved peripheral retina except for the RGCs and their axons.

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“…Hoang and colleagues 25 reported thinning of the outer retinal layers in the central and inferior macular regions on SD-OCT in an 8-year-old with unilateral ONH, similar to our results. In contrast, Park and colleagues 26 reported the macular OCT analysis of a single case of presumed unilateral ONH and found no statistically significant difference between the outer retinal thickness in the ONH eye and the contralateral normal eye. However, their patient’s normal eye showed segmental peripapillary retinal thinning by OCT and may have had subtle or segmental ONH.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Macular optical coherence tomography in patients with unilateral optic nerve hypoplasia

Abbasian¹,

Blair²,

Shahidi³

et al. 2015

Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and

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PURPOSE To characterize the extent and location of macular thinning in patients with unilateral optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH) as compared to the contralateral normal eye. METHODS The medical records of patients with unilateral ONH who underwent spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) of the macula were retrospectively reviewed. SD-OCT scans were manually segmented by 3 observers in 3 macular regions (superior, central, inferior). Boundaries identified included the inner limiting membrane, the junction between the inner nuclear layer and outer plexiform layer, and the neural retina–retinal pigment epithelium interface. Using custom MATLAB software, inner and outer retinal thickness profiles were quantified. A paired t test was used to compare the retinal thickness between the ONH eye and the contralateral normal eyes. RESULTS Inner retinal thickness of the ONH eye was decreased in all areas of the macula (superior, central, and inferior) compared to the contralateral normal eye (P < 0.05). Outer retinal thicknesses were also decreased in the central and inferior sections compared with the normal eye (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Optic nerve hypoplasia is a congenital disease known to result in thinning of the nerve fiber and ganglion cell layer. Our small cohort demonstrated thinning of the inner retinal layers as well as the outer retinal layers in the ONH eye compared with the contralateral normal eye.

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Optical coherence tomographic findings in optic nerve hypoplasia

Cited by 15 publications

References 23 publications

High-Resolution Imaging of the Optic Nerve and Retina in Optic Nerve Hypoplasia

High-Resolution Imaging of the Optic Nerve and Retina in Optic Nerve Hypoplasia

Retinal Structure and Function in Eyes with Optic Nerve Hypoplasia

Macular optical coherence tomography in patients with unilateral optic nerve hypoplasia

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