Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography and En Face Optical Coherence Tomography Features of Paracentral Acute Middle Maculopathy

Sridhar, Jayanth; Shahlaee, Abtin; Rahimy, Ehsan; Hong, Bryan; Khan, Mohammed; Maguire, Joseph I.; Dunn, James P.; Mehta, Sonia; Ho, Allen C.

doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2015.09.016

Cited by 110 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…7 Recently, case reports and case series have imaged PAMM with OCTA-demonstrating areas of attenuation and pruning of the DCP. [8][9][10][11][12] However, little is known about the natural course of PAMM secondary to CRVO and no correlation between the natural course of the visual acuity and the extension of the DCP has been reported so far. In our series, we showed that the visual outcome of PAMM associated with CRVO may vary, and in our cases, the extent of the DCP involvement on OCTA reflected the extent of the visual acuity impairment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical coherence tomography angiography in paracentral acute middle maculopathy secondary to central retinal vein occlusion

Casalino

Williams

McAvoy

et al. 2016

Eye

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Purpose To report the clinical course and the optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) findings of patients presenting with paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) and central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). Methods Retrospective case series. Clincal records and multimodal imaging findings of patients presenting with PAMM and CRVO were reviewed. Results Three eyes of three patients (2 males; mean age: 66 years) were included in the study. Mean follow-up was 9 months and images using OCTA (AngioVue OCT angiography system, Optovue, Inc., Fremont, CA, USA) were available at the last follow-up visit. During follow-up, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of case 1 was unchanged at 85 ETDRS letters and OCTA revealed a mild attenuation of the perifoveal deep capillary plexus (DCP); in case 2, BCVA changed from 83 to 77 ETDRS letters and OCTA revealed patchy areas of attenuation and pruning of the DCP; in case 3, BCVA decreased from 26 to 8 ETDRS letters and OCTA revealed extensive areas of DCP dropout. Conclusion The natural course of visual acuity in patients with PAMM secondary to CRVO may vary. In these patients, the extent of DCP dropout on OCTA may reflect the extent of visual acuity impairment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical coherence tomography angiography in paracentral acute middle maculopathy secondary to central retinal vein occlusion

Casalino

Williams

McAvoy

et al. 2016

Eye

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“…1 Therefore, it is essential that normal variations in SRVD and FAZA in the healthy population are established definitively. Normative ranges of vessel densities [2][3][4][5][6][7] and FAZA 1,8 measured with optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography (OCTA) have recently been published. However, current commercial OCTA devices do not correct density or area measurements for changes in image size magnification due to axial length variation.…”

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confidence: 99%

Axial Length Variation Impacts on Superficial Retinal Vessel Density and Foveal Avascular Zone Area Measurements Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Sampson

Gong

et al. 2017

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

237

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Citation: Sampson DM, Gong P, An D, et al. Axial length variation impacts on superficial retinal vessel density and foveal avascular zone area measurements using optical coherence tomography angiography. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2017;58:3065-3072. DOI:10.1167/iovs.17-21551 PURPOSE. To evaluate the impact of image magnification correction on superficial retinal vessel density (SRVD) and foveal avascular zone area (FAZA) measurements using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). METHODS.Participants with healthy retinas were recruited for ocular biometry, refraction, and RTVue XR Avanti OCTA imaging with the 3 3 3-mm protocol. The foveal and parafoveal SRVD and FAZA were quantified with custom software before and after correction for magnification error using the Littman and the modified Bennett formulae. Relative changes between corrected and uncorrected SRVD and FAZA were calculated.RESULTS. Forty subjects were enrolled and the median (range) age of the participants was 30 (18-74) years. The mean (range) spherical equivalent refractive error was À1.65 (À8.00 to þ4.88) diopters and mean (range) axial length was 24.42 mm (21.27-28.85). Images from 13 eyes were excluded due to poor image quality leaving 67 for analysis. Relative changes in foveal and parafoveal SRVD and FAZA after correction ranged from À20% to þ10%, À3% to þ2%, and À20% to þ51%, respectively. Image size correction in measurements of foveal SRVD and FAZA was greater than 5% in 51% and 74% of eyes, respectively. In contrast, 100% of eyes had less than 5% correction in measurements of parafoveal SRVD.CONCLUSIONS. Ocular biometry should be performed with OCTA to correct image magnification error induced by axial length variation. We advise caution when interpreting interocular and interindividual comparisons of SRVD and FAZA derived from OCTA without image size correction.

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“…Although Finkelstein reported that the visual prognoses of eyes with incomplete macular perfusion were better than those with complete macular perfusion in a longitudinal observation of BRVO cases20, macular ischemia can cause severe visual impairment during the acute phase because the affected inner retina fails to carry out phototransduction21. Therefore, clinicians should always be aware of the macular perfusion status of the patient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between retinal hemorrhagic pattern and macular perfusion status in eyes with acute branch retinal vein occlusion

Muraoka

Uji

Tsujikawa

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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This prospective study included 63 eyes with acute branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) to evaluate the retinal hemorrhagic patterns at the posterior poles and explore their clinical relevance in macular perfusion differentiation. Retinal hemorrhagic patterns and macular perfusion status were evaluated via fundus photography and fluorescein angiography, respectively. Macular perfusion was judged as nonischemic in 30, ischemic in 28, and undeterminable in 5 among the 63 eyes. Predominant hemorrhagic patterns were flame-shaped in 39 (67.2%) and non-flame-shaped in 19 (32.8%) eyes. All 39 eyes with a flame-shaped hemorrhage showed a nonischemic macula. Of the 19 eyes classified as having a non-flame-shaped hemorrhage, 13 (68.4%) had an ischemic macula and 6 (31.6%) had a nonischemic macula (P < 0.001). Parallelism in eyes with a flame-shaped hemorrhage was higher than in those with a non-flame-shaped hemorrhage (P < 0.001), and in those with a nonischemic macula versus those with an ischemic macula (P < 0.001). The area under the curve for parallelism was 0.975 (P < 0.001), suggesting an accurate diagnostic parameter for macular perfusion differentiation. In conclusion, we objectively evaluated retinal hemorrhagic patterns at the posterior pole in BRVO using the parallelism method, which was useful in differentiating macular perfusion status.

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Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography and En Face Optical Coherence Tomography Features of Paracentral Acute Middle Maculopathy

Cited by 110 publications

References 39 publications

Optical coherence tomography angiography in paracentral acute middle maculopathy secondary to central retinal vein occlusion

Optical coherence tomography angiography in paracentral acute middle maculopathy secondary to central retinal vein occlusion

Axial Length Variation Impacts on Superficial Retinal Vessel Density and Foveal Avascular Zone Area Measurements Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Association between retinal hemorrhagic pattern and macular perfusion status in eyes with acute branch retinal vein occlusion

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