Optical Correlators for Cryptosystems and Image Recognition: A Review

Images with sensitive content require encryption for storage and transmission. Symmetric schemes can cipher them, while an asymmetric cryptosystem can distribute the secret key safely. For this reason, we propose a dynamic hybrid cryptosystem, which ciphers images and transfers its private keys. It has a symmetric algorithm that applies the Lorenz equations for generating different boxes and permutations in every encryption process and round. Since the secret key concatenates two private numbers, an asymmetric algorithm is included for its key distribution. The proposal uses the Diffie–Hellman protocol with ElGamal for obtaining a seed and building 128 strings. Then, the SHA-512 is applied in each of them a number of times associated with the secret key value in its blockchain representation. The resultant strings are concatenated to conform to the public key. Finally, the tests indicate that the cryptosystem resists differential, linear, algebraic, and brute-force attacks. Its cipher quality is high according to the entropy, correlation, DFT, NPCR, UACI, AC, texture analysis, and goodness of fit test. Additionally, occlusion, additive, multiplicative, and the proposed χ2 noise attacks are simulated on encrypted images. Finally, the sharpness loss is measured with the Similarity Parameter and improved with a filter 5 × 5.

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“…In Equation (23), n is the length of the string. Moreover, using this data, a bound l is calculated according to Equation (24).…”

Section: Discrete Fourier Transformmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For evaluation purposes, cipher images are damaged with the additive, multiplicative, and occlusion noises [24] and one proposed using the χ 2 distribution. As a result of these attacks, a sharpness loss is produced over the images.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Dynamic Hybrid Cryptosystem Using Chaos and Diffie–Hellman Protocol: An Image Encryption Application

2023

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“…Regarding their structure, NDLCDs can be roughly classified into two broad groups: those with a large number of pixels (>10 5 ) with constant shape, distributed in a regular matrix, usually driven by active-matrix electronics, and those with a moderate number of pixels (say, <10 3 ) with arbitrary shape, usually driven by external drivers on passive matrices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SLMs have found plenty of applications [2]. OASLMs can be used for real-time object recognition by optical correlation [3], whereas EASLMs are employed in a plethora of dissimilar systems. To name a few, optical switching [4] and wavelength-selective switches (WSSs) [5] are key in optical communications, while computer-generated holography [6], adaptive optics [7], optical Fourier neural schemes [8], and optical computing [9] are applied to many fields, including hot topics like artificial intelligence [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Tunable LC Devices with Twisted Light

Otón,

Pereiro-García,

Quintana

et al. 2023

Crystals

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Tunable circular devices made of liquid crystals or other materials, like lenses, axicons, or phase plates, are often constrained by limitations in size, tunability, power, and other parameters. These constraints restrict their use and limit their applicability. In this review, a thorough study of the use of light’s orbital angular momentum in the manufacturing of liquid crystal (LC) devices is presented. Twisted light fosters the simultaneous optimization of most critical parameters. Experimental demonstrations of the unmatched performance of tunable LC lenses, axicons, and other elements in parameters such as lens diameter (>1″), power and tunability (>±6 diopters), fill factor (>98%), and time response have been achieved by reversible vortex generation created by azimuthal phase delay. This phase delay can eventually be removed within the optical system so that lens performance is not affected.

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“…Presently, the application of image recognition technologies in intelligent logistics sorting faces numerous challenges including accuracy, real-time performance, and the robustness of object detection and tracking [12][13][14][15][16]. Primarily, several factors, such as lighting conditions, object occlusion, and motion blur, can negatively affect the accuracy of object detection and tracking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leveraging and Refining Image Recognition Technology for Intelligent Logistics Sorting Systems

Wang¹

2023

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Obstacles in the realm of target detection, tracking accuracy, real-time performance, and robustness have been identified within the context of intelligent logistics sorting systems, which incorporate image recognition technology. Furthermore, the critical role of detecting anomalous states in augmenting sorting efficiency and curtailing errors is underscored. Image recognition technologies of a conventional nature tend to suffer from limitations in their applicability and robustness. In practical working environments, a paucity of abnormal data from logistics sorting targets is observed, which inhibits the application of supervised learning methods of deep learning. Addressing these challenges, an unsupervised deep learning method is introduced for the detection of anomalous states in logistics sorting targets. This approach reinterprets the detection of logistics sorting targets as an anomaly detection problem and utilizes Variational AutoEncoders (VAE) for modeling the distribution of normal data. This method's dependency rests exclusively on normal data for training, thereby circumventing the need for a substantial quantity of abnormal samples. In practical deployments, the anomalous state of logistics sorting targets is discerned by the method through the computation of similarity and implementation of labeling algorithms, evidencing robustness, generalizability, and adaptability. Overall, this method is presented as an effective solution for the detection of anomalous states within intelligent logistics sorting scenarios, serving to decrease labeling costs, enhance detection accuracy and efficiency, and satisfying the practical requisites of logistics sorting systems for abnormal state detection.

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Optical Correlators for Cryptosystems and Image Recognition: A Review

Cited by 11 publications

References 120 publications

A Dynamic Hybrid Cryptosystem Using Chaos and Diffie–Hellman Protocol: An Image Encryption Application

A Dynamic Hybrid Cryptosystem Using Chaos and Diffie–Hellman Protocol: An Image Encryption Application

Optimizing Tunable LC Devices with Twisted Light

Leveraging and Refining Image Recognition Technology for Intelligent Logistics Sorting Systems

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