Optical Emission Inductively Coupled Plasma in Environmental Analysis

Abstract

The ability of the inductively coupled plasma‐atomic (or optical) emission spectroscopy (ICP‐AES (or OES))) system to perform multielement trace metal analysis of environmental samples provided commercial laboratories with the needed incentive to enter into the business of efficient trace metal analysis. Previously, trace metals were typically analyzed using colorimetric techniques, which were both cumbersome and subject to interferences, or flame atomic absorption techniques, which, although almost interference free, were labor intensive owing to their one‐element‐at‐a‐time analytical mode. Even the furnace atomic absorption technique, for years the standard bearer of low‐level trace metal analysis, is giving way to axial and radial viewed ICP‐AES techniques. Now, ICP‐AES has become an affordable and well‐established multielement analytical method. Taking the USEPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency) SW‐846 solid waste analysis manual as an example, this article reviews the methods used for the preparation of samples and the ICP‐AES analysis of the prepared samples for trace metals in environmental matrices. This review includes recent developments in front‐end improvements in ICP‐AES and a detailed overview of the quality control (QC) requirements for environmental ICP‐AES analysis.

Relationships between soil and foliar nutrients in young densely planted mini-plots of Pinus radiata and Cupressus lusitanica

“…For C. lusitanica immature branchlets from branch tips were avoided. Samples were collected from all nine trees in each plot and bulked by plot, dried at 70 8C, and ground for analysis of N by dry combustion, and for other nutrients and Al using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (Tatro, 2001).…”

Influence of gender and combined estrogen–progestin oral contraceptive on parotid saliva flow rate, pH, and electrolytes concentration

“…The accuracy of the ICP‐OES analytical protocol was evaluated via analysis of certified reference standard materials (Tatro & Amarasiriwardena, 2016).…”

Evaluation of signal-to-background and Mg II/Mg I ratios as response for the optimization of rare earth elements determination by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry

“…On the other hand, ICP OES is more affordable and shows good analytical qualities, such as precision and accuracy, relatively low limits of detection, high sample throughput, simultaneous determination of most elements and wide dynamic range. [5][6][7] From a geological point of view, the determination of REEs is vital to understand the geochemical processes in which rocks have been formed and to provide information about the environment. [8][9][10] Several instrumental techniques are currently employed for REEs determination such as instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), isotopic dilution mass-spectrometry (ID-MS), atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).…”

“…On the other hand, ICP OES is more affordable and shows good analytical qualities, such as precision and accuracy, relatively low limits of detection, high sample throughput, simultaneous determination of most elements and wide dynamic range. [5][6][7] From a geological point of view, the determination of REEs is vital to understand the geochemical processes in Evaluation of Signal-to-Background and Mg II/Mg I Ratios J. Braz. Chem.…”