2011
DOI: 10.3390/s110100785
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Optical Microspherical Resonators for Biomedical Sensing

Abstract: Optical resonators play an ubiquitous role in modern optics. A particular class of optical resonators is constituted by spherical dielectric structures, where optical rays are total internal reflected. Due to minimal reflection losses and to potentially very low material absorption, these guided modes, known as whispering gallery modes, can confer the resonator an exceptionally high quality factor Q, leading to high energy density, narrow resonant-wavelength lines and a lengthy cavity ringdown. These attractiv… Show more

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Cited by 114 publications
(80 citation statements)
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“…This is possibly due to the fact that higher polymer concentrations lead to the formation of an inhomogeneous coating, with the presence of clusters [13]. This scatters the photons out of the WGM and decreases the Q as shown in Table 1 [47].…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…This is possibly due to the fact that higher polymer concentrations lead to the formation of an inhomogeneous coating, with the presence of clusters [13]. This scatters the photons out of the WGM and decreases the Q as shown in Table 1 [47].…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Label-free detection of protein-protein interaction was shown recently using nanowires [9], nanoparticle probes [10], biochips [11], and mechanical cantilevers [12]. Optical measurement techniques can provide high sensitivity, compactness, fast response and real-time measurements [13]. They are non-destructive to the sample, and the transduction processes generally take place on a surface and can be tailored to sense almost any kind of (bio)chemical molecules [14].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Whispering gallery mode resonators (WGMR) are evanescent wave sensors that can be used both as refractometres or label-free sensors and fluorescence based sensors [1,2]. The disadvantages of the labeled system-namely, cost and possibly reduced reactivity-are normally compensated by lower limit of detection (LOD), while in the case of direct monitoring, the limitations lie in the ineffectiveness of detecting small 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 molecular weight analytes and in the sensitivity to non-specific binding.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In order to overcome such a difficulty, i.e. to achieve the needed energies and yet avoid tight focusing, we resort to low-loss, high-quality factor whispering gallery mode resonators (WGMR) [1,14]. Another reason to use TPF is the available wide range of visible fluorescent dyes with very high quantum yields and molar extinction coefficients.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…6; and (iii) the combination of ultrahigh-Q whispering gallery mode microresonators with optical waveguides for the implementation of very sensitive biosensors; see, for instance, Ref. 7. Several books [8][9][10][11][12][13] and a huge number of papers on this subject have been published in the 40 years since the seminal paper by P. K. Tien in 1971, which described not only the physics of guided waves in thin films and the prismcoupling method, but also some very early nonlinear optical phenomena in integrated optics.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%