Optical PAM-4 generation via electromagnetically induced transparency in nitrogen-vacancy centers

Wang, Jing; Han, Mingzhi; Zhao, Shunyi; Cai, Yangjian; Jelezko, Fedor; Jia, Zhengmao; Zeng, Qingtian; Peng, Yandong

doi:10.1016/j.rinp.2021.104802

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 54 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The calculated DNL and INL for the system are 1.9×10 −4 and 1.3×10 −4 , respectively. This means that the DNL and INL are about 5 times and 6 times smaller than those of the phase-control scheme, [14] respectively. Moreover, the RLM of the system is about 99.98% obtained from simulation which is closer to the ideal value of 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…For example, microwave (MW) communication based on Rydberg atoms has the advantages of long transfer distance, large data transfer capacity, and high transfer quality. Therefore, electromagnetic-induced transparency (EIT) scheme based on Rydberg atoms arouses great interest in amplitude modulation, [8,9] phase shift key, [10,11] frequency modulation, [12,13] phase modulation, [14,15] MW electric-field measurement, [16][17][18][19][20][21][22] etc. Also, we notice that some other researches of Rydberg atoms, such as Rydberg blockade effect, [23,24] Rydberg-atom array, [25,26] and Rydberg spectroscopy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[8] Wang et al theoretically analyzed the PAM-4 scheme by using phase-dependent EIT in a closed system, exhibiting robustness of the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) system. [14] While, few researches involve MW signal modulation in Rydberg atoms drived by a dual-Raman field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is different from the single Raman scheme. [14,19] The scheme may be useful for MW optical communication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Optical PAM-4/PAM-8 generation via dual-Raman process in Rydberg atoms

Song 宋,

Yin 尹,

Ren 任

et al. 2024

Chinese Phys. B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A scheme of optical four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-4) is proposed based on dual-Raman process in Rydberg atoms. A probe field counter-propagates with a dual-Raman field which drive the ground and the excited states transition, respectively, and the Rydberg transition is driven by a microwave (MW) field. A gain peak appears in the probe transmission and is sensitive to the MW field strength. Optical PAM-4 could be achieved by encoding a MW signal and decoding the magnitude of a probe signal. Simulation results show that the differential nonlinearity and the integral nonlinearity of the proposed scheme could be reduced by 5 times and 6 times, respectively, compared with the previous scheme, and the ratio of level separation mismatch is close to the ideal value 1. Moreover, the scheme is extended to optical PAM-8 signal, which may further improve the spectral efficiency.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is different from the single Raman scheme. [14,19] The scheme may be useful for MW optical communication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Optical PAM-4/PAM-8 generation via dual-Raman process in Rydberg atoms

Song 宋,

Yin 尹,

Ren 任

et al. 2024

Chinese Phys. B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The utilization of higher modulation schemes is a potential strategy for attaining enhanced bandwidth efficiency. In the literature, on-off keying (OOK) is frequently used for optical transmission in optical interconnects and data center networks [1,2]. However, systems based on OOK have a limited bit rate and complexity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new-generation approach to PAM-4 Based on the Fano resonance effect using a multimode interference structure

Do,

Hoang,

et al. 2023

ijirss

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The goal of this research is to come up with a new optical structure for the generation of multilevel pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-4) signalling, which is used for optical interconnects and data center networks. The Fano effect is made with a structure made up of a 4x4 MMI coupler, feedback waveguides, and phase shifters. For the production of PAM-4, we employ the Fano effect. The new proposed approach can reduce power consumption and extend the linear region of the device transfer function compared with conventional approaches based on Mach Zehnder Interferometers (MZI) and ring resonators. We show that an extreme reduction of power consumption of 3 to 30 times, compared with the conventional structure based on MZI and ring resonators, is achieved. In addition, the proposed structure based on silicon wave guides has the advantages of extreme high bandwidth, large fabrication tolerance, and a compact footprint. The proposed structure can be applied to generate the PAM-4 based on the Fano effect with low power consumption, and it is suitable for complex systems with a lot of transceivers. The device is numerically simulated and designed using the Finite Difference Method (FDM) and Finite Difference Time Difference (FDTD). The PAM-4 structure based on silicon waveguides can be compatible with CMOS’s existing technologies.

show abstract

Microwave electrometry with bichromatic electromagnetically induced transparency in Rydberg atoms

Han

He²,

Song

et al. 2023

EPJ Quantum Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A scheme for measuring microwave (MW) electric (E) fields is proposed based on bichromatic electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in Rydberg atoms. A bichromatic control field drives the excited state transition, whose absorption shows three EIT windows. When a MW field drives the Rydberg transition, the EIT windows split and six transmission peaks appear. It is interesting to find that the peak-to-peak distance of transmission spectrum is sensitive to the MW field strength, which can be used to measure MW E-field. Simulation results show that the spectral resolution could be increased by about 4 times, and the minimum detectable strength of the MW E-field may be improved by about 3 times compared with the common EIT scheme. After the Doppler averaging, the minimum detectable MW E-field strength is about 5 times larger than that without Doppler effect. Also, we investigate other effects on the sensitivity of the system.

show abstract

Optical PAM-4 generation via electromagnetically induced transparency in nitrogen-vacancy centers

Cited by 6 publications

References 54 publications

Optical PAM-4/PAM-8 generation via dual-Raman process in Rydberg atoms

Optical PAM-4/PAM-8 generation via dual-Raman process in Rydberg atoms

A new-generation approach to PAM-4 Based on the Fano resonance effect using a multimode interference structure

Microwave electrometry with bichromatic electromagnetically induced transparency in Rydberg atoms

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About