Optical polarization mode dispersion compensators for high-speed optical communication systems

Abstract

This paper details and describes optical polarization mode dispersion compensators (PMDCsnature of PMD makes it a difficult problem. PMD not only varies randomly over the wavelength, which gives rise to higher order PMD, but drifts randomly with time as well due to environmental changes such as temperature variations and mechanical vibrations along the fiber.To reduce PMD impairments, various PMD mitigation techniques have been proposed and demonstrated [2]. In general, PMD mitigation techniques can be divided into three main approaches: