Optical waveguides prepared by ion exchange technique

Abstract

Integrated optics structures require a broad variability of the geometric and optic parameters of waveguides. This work presents an option for low-loss glass optical waveguide preparation, with a wide range of geometrical and optical properties, using relatively inexpensive substrates. Ion exchange method was used for the creation ofthose waveguides. Extension of waveguide characteristics was achieved using a) different types of substitution ions (particularly K, Ag and Li), b) electric field-assisted ion exchange, c) different types of glass substrates. The results are readily applicable to the development of new optoelectronic structures because the technology also supports the design of very complex topologies.