Optimal Charging of Vanadium Redox Flow Battery with Time-Varying Input Power

Akter, Md. Parvez; Li, Yifeng; Bao, Jie; Skyllas‐Kazacos, Maria; Rahman, M.F.

doi:10.3390/batteries5010020

Cited by 33 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The current coincides with the value obtained from the rate of mass transfer when the mass transfer restricts the current 19 . The control strategy proposed by Akter et al 20,21 employs the current determined by the rate of diffusion to detect the current restriction by diffusion inside of the cell. The rate of diffusion is given by the function of reactant concentration, length of diffusion layer, and diffusion coefficient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 57%

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Prediction of restriction in output current by reactant flow in redox flow battery for compensating load variations

Mannari

Okuda

Hikihara

2020

Circuit Theory & Apps

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Summary Redox flow batteries (RFBs) connected to the power grid can absorb load variations which appear in several time scales. An RFB consists of a cell stack as the chemical reaction element and tanks as the storage element. Electrolytes are pumped and circulated between them. The cell stack can supply power as long as reactants are supplied to the stack. The slow velocity of the reactant flow to the cells restricts the output current, and the RFB can not supply the requested power under the current restriction. The reactant flow should be considered for confirming whether the RFB can supply the requested power at load variations. This paper proposes the method to predict the current restriction by the reactant flow through simulations. The method is based on a chemical reaction model. The model enables us to simulate the time evolution of the reactant concentration, which governs the electrical behavior and the reactant flow of the RFB. The current available from the reactant flow is introduced to estimate the current restriction by the slow velocity of the reactant flow. The proposed method predicts well the current restriction of the prototype RFB, which is integrated into a 300‐A class discharging circuit.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…The current determined by the rate of mass transfer is employed as the indicator referring to current restriction in the charging behavior 20,21 . The current coincides with the value obtained from the rate of mass transfer when the mass transfer restricts the current 19 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Prediction of restriction in output current by reactant flow in redox flow battery for compensating load variations

Mannari

Okuda

Hikihara

2020

Circuit Theory & Apps

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In this study, the charging/discharging current is treated as a disturbance, but needs to be constrained in practice. For example, charging current should be under a limiting current which is a function of the flow rate and SOC to avoid gassing side reaction [19]. Further work includes treating the charging/discharging current as an additional manipulated variable to extend the proposed approach to optimise the economic benefit of battery system operations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrolyte Flow Rate Control for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries using the Linear Parameter Varying Framework

McCloy¹,

Li²,

Bao³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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In this article, an electrolyte flow rate control approach is developed for an all-vanadium redox flow battery (VRB) system based on the linear parameter varying (LPV) framework. The electrolyte flow rate is regulated to provide a trade-off between stack voltage efficiency and pumping energy losses, so as to achieve optimal battery energy efficiency. The nonlinear process model is embedded in a linear parameter varying state-space description and a set of state feedback controllers are designed to handle fluctuations in current during both charging and discharging. Simulation studies have been conducted under different operating conditions to demonstrate the performance of the proposed approach. This control approach was further implemented on a laboratory scale VRB system.

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“…The cell should not be charged at a current density higher than the limiting current as it will lead to concentration polarization that gives rise to gassing side reactions and overcharge at the higher cell voltage that may gradually degrade the positive electrode and bipolar plate (BP). Discharging above the limiting current density could lead to cell reversal in a multicell stack, so also needs to be avoided [53].…”

Section: Polarization Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Situ Tools Used in Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Research—Review

Ghimire¹,

Bhattarai²,

Lim

et al. 2021

Batteries

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Progress in renewable energy production has directed interest in advanced developments of energy storage systems. The all-vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) is one of the attractive technologies for large scale energy storage due to its design versatility and scalability, longevity, good round-trip efficiencies, stable capacity and safety. Despite these advantages, the deployment of the vanadium battery has been limited due to vanadium and cell material costs, as well as supply issues. Improving stack power density can lower the cost per kW power output and therefore, intensive research and development is currently ongoing to improve cell performance by increasing electrode activity, reducing cell resistance, improving membrane selectivity and ionic conductivity, etc. In order to evaluate the cell performance arising from this intensive R&D, numerous physical, electrochemical and chemical techniques are employed, which are mostly carried out ex situ, particularly on cell characterizations. However, this approach is unable to provide in-depth insights into the changes within the cell during operation. Therefore, in situ diagnostic tools have been developed to acquire information relating to the design, operating parameters and cell materials during VRFB operation. This paper reviews in situ diagnostic tools used to realize an in-depth insight into the VRFBs. A systematic review of the previous research in the field is presented with the advantages and limitations of each technique being discussed, along with the recommendations to guide researchers to identify the most appropriate technique for specific investigations.

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Optimal Charging of Vanadium Redox Flow Battery with Time-Varying Input Power

Cited by 33 publications

References 23 publications

Prediction of restriction in output current by reactant flow in redox flow battery for compensating load variations

Prediction of restriction in output current by reactant flow in redox flow battery for compensating load variations

Electrolyte Flow Rate Control for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries using the Linear Parameter Varying Framework

In-Situ Tools Used in Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Research—Review

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