Optimal conditions for selective reduction process of Nickel Laterite Ore

Abstract

A low-grade nickel laterite ore from Indonesia was selected to investigate the effect of temperature and time of reduction upon the extraction of nickel through the selective reduction-magnetic separation process to produce the ferronickel. The nickel ore was mixed with5 wt.% of anthracite coal and 10 wt.% of sodium sulfate additive. The mixed ore was pelletized into 10-15 mm of diameter. A series of selective reduction processes were carried out into the pellet ores at various temperatures of 950-1150 °C for 60-120 minutes. The optimal selective reduction parameters of nickel laterite ore were observed clearly. The experimental results indicated that the reduction reactions proceed more completely at a higher temperature and longer reduction time. The optimum of nickel grade and recovery in the ferronickel concentrate was obtained at the reduction temperature of 1150 °C for 120 minutes, which was 8.45% and 72.1%, respectively. The increasing of temperatures and times of reduction process resulted in higher of troilite phase formation which suppressed the iron metallization and also increased the ferronickel particle size.

SWOT analysis (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) of nickel to reach global electric battery market in Indonesia

“…To address this, the government could explore partnerships with other countries or invest in research and development to find alternative materials or improve the efficiency of battery production. 7–59 The increasing demand for electric vehicles presents an opportunity for Indonesia to leverage its large nickel reserves and develop a competitive domestic electric vehicle industry. However, to fully realise this opportunity, the government must address challenges such as the lack of infrastructure and skilled workforce, as well as the need for partnerships and research and development.…”