Optimal control of LED light intensity in a plant factory

Xu, Dan; Yang, Qichang; Tong, Yuxing; Willigenburg, L.G. van

doi:10.23919/ccc50068.2020.9189154

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The studies in [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], and [29] demonstrate how dynamic lighting and optimization methods can help to increase the energy savings achievable by LED systems. In [17], the effects of dynamic regulation of supplemental lighting intensity on electricity consumption and fresh weight buildup were examined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the study did not report energy saving amounts. In [28], the LED light intensity was optimized over time for different electric energy and lettuce crop prices, but was restricted to simulations in a plant factory with no daylight harvesting. In [29], the authors presented existing energysaving methods using LEDs in plant factories.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Energy-Efficient PAR-Based Horticultural Lighting System for Greenhouse Cultivation of Lettuce

Mohagheghi

Moallem

2023

IEEE Access

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This paper presents an intelligent horticulture lighting and monitoring system to achieve energy-efficient supplemental lighting while maintaining the light quality and intensity at desired levels in the photosynthesis spectrum. Energy-efficiency is achieved through delivering only the required net light intensity, consisting of sunlight and supplemental LED light, using an intelligent controller that does not depend on the lighting system model. To this end, an online neural-network learning control system is developed, comprised of low-cost light sensors for measuring the photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD), dimmable LED light fixtures, cameras, and internet-of-things (IoT)-enabled firmware used for crop monitoring and performance evaluation. Experiments performed in a research greenhouse facility on the lettuce crop are presented which indicate that the system can deliver the desired Daily Light Integrals (DLIs) to the plants in the presence of changing daylight conditions. The proposed method can thus deliver the exact amount of light to a specific crop based on the required light recipes during different growth phases. The control performance is further compared with a conventional on-off time-scheduling method in terms of plant health, growth, and energy requirements. The experiments indicate that the proposed solution can reduce energy consumption per unit dry mass of lettuce by 28% when compared to existing time-scheduling methods.INDEX TERMS Daylight harvesting, energy-efficiency, horticultural lighting, Internet of Things, machine learning, neural networks, PAR measurement.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Energy-Efficient PAR-Based Horticultural Lighting System for Greenhouse Cultivation of Lettuce

Mohagheghi

Moallem

2023

IEEE Access

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Effects of Time Variation of Light Intensity on the Growth of the Leaf Lettuce “Greenwave”

MASUDA

Nakashima

et al. 2022

Environmental Control in Biology

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The growth and morphogenesis of leaf lettuce in response to gradual changes in light intensity over time were investigated. Seedlings of leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. crispa "Greenwave") were grown in a blue to red light-emitting diode (LED) ratio of 0.33 and daily light integral (DLI) of 8.7 mol m Ϫ2 d Ϫ1 . The first experiment was conducted with nine treatments, in which light intensity varied every 15 min with its peak during the day and a consistent dark period of 8 h. In the second experiment, three dark period lengths and three irradiation changes were combined based on the irradiations that produced different plant growth responses in the first experiment. Based on the results of the two experiments, most of the irradiation methods with the same DLI and dark period resulted in similar leaf lettuce growth in terms of plant weight and shape. However, plant weight was reduced when a high level of light intensity was employed for a long duration during the light period. Shorter dark periods can accelerate the growth of leaf lettuce. Consequently, the results from this study propose a new irradiation method with a non-constant light intensity in relation to time.

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Optimal control of LED light intensity in a plant factory

Cited by 2 publications

References 18 publications

An Energy-Efficient PAR-Based Horticultural Lighting System for Greenhouse Cultivation of Lettuce

An Energy-Efficient PAR-Based Horticultural Lighting System for Greenhouse Cultivation of Lettuce

Effects of Time Variation of Light Intensity on the Growth of the Leaf Lettuce “Greenwave”

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