Optimal Emergency Evacuation Route Planning Model Based on Fire Prediction Data

Abstract

For the emergency evacuation of cruise ships in case of sudden fire, this research proposes a dynamic route optimization method based on the improved A* algorithm for real-time information, in order to obtain the real-time optimal evacuation route. Initially, a basic network topology diagram is established according to the internal structure of the cruise ship. Before the occurrence of the accident, the A* algorithm can be applied to obtain an a priori evacuation network consisting of all the optimal routes from each node to the exit. At the time of the accident, the dynamic diffusion of fire can be simulated using Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) based on the preliminary information of the fire, so as to estimate the impact of the fire domain on each node of the network. Then, according to the fire dynamic diffusion data, the evacuation route planning is carried out by the improved A* algorithm applying the breadth-first search strategy, so as to determine the optimal route from the current node to the safety exit and to reduce the possibility of casualties due to the uncertainty of the fire during the evacuation. This model allows for both people’s safety and evacuation time to dynamically avoid fire-affected nodes and helps people to reach the safe area as soon as possible. Finally, the evacuation model is established according to the open-source cruise ship structure, and the evacuation process of people under the dynamic spread of cruise ship fire is simulated. The results show that the route planning method proposed in this research works out well in evacuating mass people, which can effectively reduce the evacuation time and improve the safety of the evacuation process.

Development of a Method for Increasing the Fire Resistance of Cast-iron Structures of Cultural Heritage Sites under Reconstruction

“…(2023) [6], Song et al (2021) [7], Shih & Tsai (2023) [8], and Hou et al (2021) [9]. Calculation and modeling of probable scenarios for the development of a fire at a cultural heritage site will allow us to determine the risk to people and structures of objects and select the most effective fire protection systems for building structures from such works as Hou et al (2021) [9], Shaham & Benenson (2018) [10], and Deng et al (2022) [11].…”

“…Shih et al (2023) [8], Hou et al (2021) [9], Shaham & Benenson. (2018) [10], Deng et al (2022) [11], and Hvozd et al (2021) [12] revealed that the determination of the level of fire safety should be carried out for the conditions of free development of the fire. However, in addition to ensuring the safe evacuation of people, it is also necessary to ensure the regulatory limits of fire resistance of building structures.…”

A Scientometric Research on Applications and Advances of Fire Safety Evacuation in Buildings

“…Hui Zhang, Tao Chen, and Peter B Luh conduct related research in a team manner. The stair evacuation with considering evacuees' walk preferences is the outstanding contribution in fire safety evacuation of these scholars [28]. Evacuees' walk preference and psychology are introduced into a cellular automata (CA) model, and validation of the model is proved by two fire drills in two high-rise buildings.…”

“…Scientometric research has been used in numerous different scientific fields to provide information or data such as computer vision applications for construction [14], safety science community [15], smart disaster management [16], microalgae-based wastewater treatment [17], computational modelling in built environments [18], dynamics applications in construction management [19], AAP (accident analysis and prevention) [20], CEM (construction engineering and management) [21], or BIM (building information model) [22]. The findings based on scientometric analysis provide excellent research status and development trends for researchers in particular domains of scientific inquiry [23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Researchers can gain quantitative insights in the development direction and efficiently solve complex problems with respect to the theoretical backgrounds, tools, and frameworks on particular domains of scientific inquiry.…”

Application of Q-learning Method for Disaster Evacuation Route Design Case Study: Digital Center Building UNNES

“…In such situations, individuals inside the building may not be aware of suitable evacuation routes, especially when facing unexpected events such as fires, tsunamis, or hurricanes. It is crucial to swiftly move occupants to safe areas to minimize potential damage and effectively manage emergency situations [1]. Therefore, planning navigation for optimal evacuation routes can reduce the likelihood of property damage, control congestion during emergencies, and shorten evacuation times to ensure that inhabitants can be safely and efficiently evacuated, ultimately saving more lives [2]- [4].…”