Optimal Injection Strategies to Compensate for Injector Aging in Common Rail Fuel Systems

Hofmann, Oliver; Schuckert, Sebastian; Wachtmeister, Georg; Rixen, Daniel J.

doi:10.4271/2018-01-1160

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Therefore, compensation strategies were studied via simulations. 27 The here presented study will clarify the influence of aging effects on engine load and the emission potential of these compensation strategies. Two different methods of restoring the desired IMEP with the two nozzles with different nozzle hole diameters were investigated.…”

Section: Assessment Of Load Recovery Methods and Their Respective Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Experimental investigation into simulated aging effects of common-rail injector nozzles: Influences on injection rate, spray characteristics, and engine performance

Schuckert

Hofmann

Wachtmeister

2019

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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Emission performance of combustion engines has gained outstanding importance with both legislators and customers over the past years. Injector aging, such as nozzle wear or coking, results in the deterioration of injection and emission parameters. In this study, the influences of aging effects on injection rate, fuel spray as well as engine performance and emissions were assessed. Nozzles, which had previously been operated in a vehicle engine and were likely to have suffered from aging, showed no aging-induced characteristics during injection rate and spray measurements and were not investigated further. Therefore, nozzles with different nozzle hole diameters were utilized to simulate the different aging effects. Injection rate measurements demonstrated, that for smaller energizing times, a nozzle with smaller nozzle holes can deliver a higher injected mass than a nozzle with bigger nozzle holes. The adaptation of energizing time or injection pressure demonstrated the potential to compensate the change in engine load due to smaller or bigger nozzle holes. For bigger nozzle holes, the adaptation of injection pressure in order to restore the target load returned lower NOx emissions, whereas the adaptation of the energizing time always yielded lower soot emissions compared to the reference nozzle. For small nozzle holes, the optimization of the start of energizing reduced specific NOx emissions without increasing specific soot emissions. The comparison of measured injection rate and fuel spray characteristics to the ones reported in literature confirms the possibility of simulating nozzle wear by increased nozzle holes and coking by smaller nozzle holes. The results of this study are of vital interest to the research of aging effects and add useful knowledge about compensation methods for nozzle aging.

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Section: Assessment Of Load Recovery Methods and Their Respective Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Experimental investigation into simulated aging effects of common-rail injector nozzles: Influences on injection rate, spray characteristics, and engine performance

Schuckert

Hofmann

Wachtmeister

2019

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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“…In this case, it is particularly necessary to obtain the injectionrelated parameters by various methods. [3][4][5] In the process of obtaining the injection pressure curve and parameters such as injection quantity by means of simulation, the following main problems exist. [6][7][8] Commonly used simulation software takes too long to solve.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this case, it is particularly necessary to obtain the injection-related parameters by various methods. 3–5…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on observation method of injection pressure curve in high pressure common rail system

2022

International Journal of Engine Research

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The performance of the diesel engine was determined by the injection pressure of the high pressure common rail system. The observation method of the injection pressure curve was of great value in evaluating the operating conditions of the diesel engine. However, the observation method could make it impossible to directly observe the injection pressure data on a high pressure common rail system in operation. In this paper, common rail pressure signals and control pulse widths, which were easy to collect, were used as the basis for proposing a GRU (Gated Recurrent Unit) based model for the observation of injection pressure curves of high pressure common rail system in order to solve the above problem. The accuracy and precision of the model was verified by the experiments and compared with commonly used simulation models. From the results, it was concluded that the overall accuracy of the injection pressure curve observation was similar to that of the simulation model, but the accuracy was higher around the peak of the injection pressure, as well as the equipment requirement was low and the calculation speed was fast. The mean EMD of the curvilinear observation model of injection pressure of high pressure common rail system is similar to that of the 1D simulation model, with 37.88 and 33.62 respectively. The overall difference in injection pressure between the two models is similar with 53.62 and 54.23 MPa respectively. On the same computing platform, the average computation time of the test set containing five states is 0.0113 s, and the simulation time of each running state is 12951.6 s using AMESim software.

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“…The vehicle approval process is considered and the engine emissions are limited in long-term actual driving conditions. 1 In actual driving conditions, the fuel injector is the key component in the fuel supply system. If the fuel injection quantity changes, the engine torque also changes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of fuel injection rate identification algorithm based on rail pressure fluctuation characteristics induced by injection

Lei

Qiu

et al. 2021

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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As an important part of the common-rail (CR) fuel system for diesel engines, the injector circulation capacity and the fuel injection mass flow rate vary with carbon deposition and wear, affecting the engine output performance. This study proposes a method to identify the fuel injection rate online, based on the rail pressure fluctuation characteristics induced by fuel injection. The control algorithm uses the signal from the existing rail pressure sensor; the diesel engine does not require modification or additional sensors. A quasi-dimensional model of the CR fuel system was built to analyse the rail pressure wave fluctuation characteristics, and a parameter K was defined as the pressure drop rate. Based on K, a control algorithm was proposed. A high-pressure fuel pump test rig was built to test the fuel injection performance under different operating conditions, and the experimental data were processed by wavelet transform. From the test data, the K of the CR system was analysed using the feedback of the rail pressure sensor. The experimental results show that the value of K increases with an increase in the initial pressure and injection pulse, and is independent of the injection mode. The algorithm is feasible, and works more accurately with a longer injection pulse and a lower pump speed. This method uses the existing rail pressure sensor, does not incur extra cost and has great potential for improving the injection accuracy.

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Optimal Injection Strategies to Compensate for Injector Aging in Common Rail Fuel Systems

Cited by 8 publications

References 13 publications

Experimental investigation into simulated aging effects of common-rail injector nozzles: Influences on injection rate, spray characteristics, and engine performance

Experimental investigation into simulated aging effects of common-rail injector nozzles: Influences on injection rate, spray characteristics, and engine performance

Study on observation method of injection pressure curve in high pressure common rail system

Investigation of fuel injection rate identification algorithm based on rail pressure fluctuation characteristics induced by injection

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