Optimal Pattern Synthesis of Thinned and Non-Uniformly Excited Concentric Circular Array Antennas using Hybrid GSA-PSO Technique

Abstract

Side Lobe Level (SLL) is considered as the most significant array pattern parameter as it helps in reducing surrounding noise and interference. As higher SLL value results in higher wastage of power in undesired direction, transmitters of wireless communication systems face serious problems. In this paper, the optimal design of seven different sets of concentric circular antenna arrays (CCAAs) of isotropic antenna has been represented with the goal of maximum reduction in SLL. Optimal pattern synthesis of the proposed arrays has been executed by optimizing the normalized current distributions of array elements having fixed inter-element spacing. In present work interring spacing has been fixed at 0.5λ. In order to achieve low SLL in the radiation pattern of the optimized array antenna, many conventional optimization methods have been proposed in last few decades for handling complex, non-differentiable, discontinuous and highly nonlinear array factor. To deal with the problems of premature convergence (fall into local optima) feature of gravitational search algorithm (GSA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) has been merged. In high-dimensional space, gravitational search algorithm hybridized with particle swarm optimization (GSA-PSO) is considered while preserving the fast converging property of them. Numerical results in the present text assume the pattern synthesis of thinned array and non-uniformly excited array for seven different sets of CCAA geometries. An exhaustive simulation results are presented and the radiation pattern performances are analyzed. As compared with conventional optimization techniques like GSA and PSO, hybrid GSA-PSO technique outperforms with the goal of maximum SLL suppression.

A review on optimization of antenna array by evolutionary optimization techniques

“…Bandwidth is optimized by this hybrid technique of CSO combined with GA. It improves the directivity of the antenna along with reduction of side lobe level Bera et al, 2019;Mondal and Saxena, 2019) constant, this process reduces the side lobe to maximum extent such that the signal strength is high and the transmission losses can be reduced. One method of using antennas based on fractals to cover few kinds of public protection and disaster relief (PPDR) communications was presented.…”

“…From this, the output parameters like BW and half BW (HPBW) remain constant as consideration of number of rings are low. Though the BW and HPBW remain (Dib and Sharaqa, 2014; Bera et al , 2019; Mondal and Saxena, 2019) constant, this process reduces the side lobe to maximum extent such that the signal strength is high and the transmission losses can be reduced.…”

Synthesis of Circular Antenna Arrays for Achieving Lower Side Lobe Level and Higher Directivity Using Hybrid Optimization Algorithm

“…Designing antennas with significant directional attributes is crucial in meeting the demands of long-range communication. To attain enhanced directional characteristics like expanded electrical size and higher gains, radiating elements are structured in a configuration that promotes constructive and destructive field patterns in desired and undesired directions, respectively [1,2]. This configuration boasts various advantages, including reduced Side Lobe Levels (SLL) and exceptionally high directive patterns.…”

“…It also facilitates effective control over the array radiation pattern's steering direction toward the optimal signal path. This control is achieved by manipulating factors like element count, excitation coefficients, inter-element spacing, relative phases, and the overall geometrical arrangement of the array (e.g., rectangular, linear, elliptical, circular, and others) [2].…”

Control Parameter Based Comparative Study of Radiation Properties of TMCCAA and TMHSCAA

“…To overcome this problem, the evolutionary algorithm is applied to work out the composite non-linear and non-differentiable problems [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. There are many evolutionary algorithms which are used for different fields of engineering [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] and the optimisation of antenna problem [36][37][38][39][40]. Development of element level antenna like the dielectric resonator antenna also has been reported in [41].…”