Optimal PI-Controller-Based Hybrid Energy Storage System in DC Microgrid

Abstract

Power availability from renewable energy sources (RES) is unpredictable, and must be managed effectively for better utilization. The role that a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) plays is vital in this context. Renewable energy sources along with hybrid energy storage systems can provide better power management in a DC microgrid environment. In this paper, the optimal PI-controller-based hybrid energy storage system for a DC microgrid is proposed for the effective utilization of renewable power. In this model, the proposed optimal PI controller is developed using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) approach. A 72 W DC microgrid system is considered in order to validate the effectiveness of the proposed optimal PI controller. The proposed model is implemented using the MATLAB/SIMULINK platform. To show the effectiveness of the proposed model, the results are validated with a conventional PI-controller-based hybrid energy storage system.

Comparative analysis and implementation of DC microgrid systems versus AC microgrid performance

“…While newer approaches exist, the PI controller (Vijayan et al, 2022) remains relevant for several reasons.…”

Artificial Rabbits Optimized Neural Network-Based Energy Management System for PV, Battery, and Supercapacitor Based Isolated DC Microgrid System

“…The consequences include escalated operating and maintenance costs, as well as a higher likelihood of power supply interruptions 1. The goal is to strike a balance between the economic considerations and the reliability of microgrid operation, achieving an effective trade-off [20] The PI regulator is formulated by means of the particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique 1. Current ripples during load and source uncertainties 1.…”

“…This controller mitigates current ripples caused by load and source uncertainties while significantly reducing settling time and enhancing peak overshoot. [20].…”

“…1) Voltage fluctuation: Many of the techniques mentioned, such as dSPACE real-time simulation system ( [1]), EMS-based control strategy with PI controllers ( [3]), and PI controllers ( [6], [8], [9], [15], and [20]), have reported issues related to voltage fluctuations in the DC microgrid. There is a research gap in developing control strategies that effectively mitigate voltage fluctuations and ensure stable operation.…”

“…Further research is needed to address this issue and develop control strategies that minimize current ripples for improved power quality. 3) DC bus voltage fluctuation: Several techniques, including dSPACE real-time simulation system ( [1]), PI controllers ( [6], [8]), and PI controller with PSO approach ( [20]), highlight the challenge of DC bus voltage fluctuations. The research gap lies in devel-oping control strategies that effectively stabilize the voltage of DC bus and maintain its regulation within satisfactory limits.…”