Optimal Pitch Angle Strategy for Energy Maximization in Offshore Wind Farms Considering Gaussian Wake Model

González, Javier Serrano; López, Bruno; Draper, Martín

doi:10.3390/en14040938

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The Savonius turbine is drag-based and has the self-start ability, while the Darrieus turbine is lift-based and has higher efficiency than the Savonius but is not able to self-start [31]. Improving the performance of both types of turbines has remained a crucial challenge for researchers and engineers in recent years [32]. One of the methods to improve the performance (Cp value) and self-starting ability is flow augmentation, where the wind turbine design is optimized in a way that the upstream wind is appropriately blocked while ensuring maximum positive torque and minimum negative torque achieved [31].…”

Section: Prior Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Development in the Design of Wind Deflectors for Vertical Axis Wind Turbine: A Review

et al. 2021

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Developments in the design of wind turbines with augmentation are advancing around the globe with the goal of generating electricity close to the user in built-up areas. This is certain to help lessen the power generation load as well as distribution and transmission network costs by reducing the distance between the user and the power source. The main objectives driving the development and advancement of vertical-axis wind turbines are increasing the power coefficient and the torque coefficient by optimizing the upstream wind striking on the rotor blades. Unlike horizontal-axis wind turbines, vertical axis turbines generate not only positive torque but also negative torque during operation. The negative torque generated by the returning blade is a key issue for vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWTs) that is counterproductive. Installation of wind deflectors for flow augmentation helps to reduce the negative torque generated by the returning blades as well as enhance the positive torque by creating a diversion in the upstream wind towards the forwarding blade during operation. This paper reviews various designs, experiments, and CFD simulations of wind deflectors reported to date. Optimization techniques for VAWTs incorporating wind deflectors are discussed in detail. The main focus of the review was on the installation position and orientation of the deflectors and their potential contribution to increasing the power coefficient. Topics for future study are suggested in the conclusion section of the paper.

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Section: Prior Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Development in the Design of Wind Deflectors for Vertical Axis Wind Turbine: A Review

et al. 2021

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“…The PSO algorithm is used to find the optimal solution and the adaptive adjustment strategy is adopted for the related parameters in the study carried out by Peng et al 17 A mixed integer linear program is developed in the study carried out by Pérez‐Rúa et al, 18 which uses total cable length and total electrical power losses as the objective functions, and the model is embedded in an iterative algorithmic framework to obtain a satisfactory solution. Besides, the Gaussian model is used to evaluate the value of energy output and the genetic algorithm is used to output the optimal solution through successive iterations in the study carried out by Gonzáez et al 19 However, the above studies did not consider the influence of seabed topography on the total energy output. Therefore, Liu et al used genetic algorithms to optimize the wind farm layouts according to different seabed topographies 20 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A bi‐level programming model and differential evolution for optimizing offshore wind farm layout

Song

2023

Energy Science & Engineering

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The optimization of offshore wind farms is mainly performed through the deployment of wind farms and submarine cables to maximize power output and minimize cable costs. However, the above results are affected by the wake effect, equipment layout, and the cost of cables. To effectively complete the deployment of wind turbines and submarine cable lines, first, a bi‐level constrained optimization model based on maximum profit and the shortest route of cable is proposed in this paper; then, a differential evolution and improved Prim algorithm (IPADE) are used to optimize the upper‐ and lower‐level objective function, respectively. Moreover, the fitness values are used to divide the population, and a surrogate model is used to evaluate approximate fitness values for the sub‐population with poor performance; the best individual is selected as the offspring individual according to the approximate fitness values. Next, a clustering method is used to divide the position of the wind farm, and a Prim algorithm based on roulette wheel selection is designed to deploy submarine cables of every subwind farm. Finally, the proposed algorithm is compared with five other popular algorithms under the two wind conditions. The simulation experimental results show that algorithm IPADE performs better than other algorithms in terms of the power output, profit, and the length of cables.

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“…In addition, they have used the model to optimize the rotor performance by varying the pitch angle and found that the results of the model are in good agreement in general, and the power obtained can be increased by optimizing the pitch angle, especially at low wind speeds. Serrano González et al (2021) have performed a study to maximize the produced energy of offshore wind turbines by optimizing the pitch angle and concluded that the developed procedure can be used effectively to maximize the energy output. Chavero-Navarrete et al (2021) have studied the pitch angle optimization for small wind turbines, and they stated that the algorithm developed increases the electrical output of a small HAWT by 7%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The aerodynamic effects of blade pitch angle on small horizontal axis wind turbines

Kaya

Uzol

Ingham

et al. 2022

HFF

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to thoroughly investigate the aerodynamic effects of blade pitch angle on small scaled horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs) using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method to find out the sophisticated effects on the flow phenomena and power performance. Design/methodology/approach A small HAWT is used as a reference to validate the model and examine the aerodynamic effects. The blade pitch angle was varied between +2 and −6 degrees, angles which are critical for the reference wind turbine in terms of performance, and the CFD simulations were performed at different tip speed ratio values, λ = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9 and 10.5 to cover the effects in various conditions. Results are examined in two different aspects, namely, general performance and the flow physics. Findings The power performance varies significantly according to the tip speed ratio; the power coefficient increases up to a certain pitch angle at the design tip speed ratio (λ = 6); however, between λ = 2 and 4, the more the blade is pitched downwards, the larger is the power coefficient, the smaller is the thrust coefficient. Similarly, for tip speed ratios higher than λ = 8, the positive effect of the low pitch angles on the power coefficient at λ = 6 reverses. The flow separation location moves close to the leading edge at low tip speed ratios when the blade is pitched upwards and the also tip vortices become more intense. In conclusion, the pitch control can significantly contribute to the performance of small HAWTs depending on different conditions. Originality/value In the literature, only very little attention has been paid to the aerodynamic effects of pitch angle on HAWTs, and no such study is available about the effects on small HAWTs. The change of blade pitch angle was maintained at only one degree each time to capture even the smallest aerodynamic effects, and the results are presented in terms of the power performance and flow physics.

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Optimal Pitch Angle Strategy for Energy Maximization in Offshore Wind Farms Considering Gaussian Wake Model

Cited by 7 publications

References 31 publications

Recent Development in the Design of Wind Deflectors for Vertical Axis Wind Turbine: A Review

Recent Development in the Design of Wind Deflectors for Vertical Axis Wind Turbine: A Review

A bi‐level programming model and differential evolution for optimizing offshore wind farm layout

The aerodynamic effects of blade pitch angle on small horizontal axis wind turbines

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