Optimal pricing and replenishment policy for a deteriorating item in a two-echelon supply chain

Coordinating a supply chain for deteriorating items with a revenue sharing and cooperative investment contract

“…6. The manufacturer's production rate is greater than the retailer's demand rate, making the manufacturer start production with a time delay (t m ) in each production cycle [35][36][37].…”

“…The linear demand function has been widely used in some literature, e.g., [33,17,35,[38][39][40]. 8.…”