Optimal stockpile voxel identification based on reclaimer minimum movement for target grade

Automatic quality estimation in blending using a 3D stockpile management model

“…Another reason to make this decision is because the triangular prism is the closest to the shape of a stockpile and is used to model a stockpile by a number of researchers in the literature, e.g. Pavloudakis and Agioutantis [5] and Lu and Maung [12]. To calculate the volume using the QMC method, the prism region is voxelized into 70 cubes with a side length of 120 mm and each cube is filled with 65,536 low-discrepancy points.…”

“…Thus, the quality and quantity of each voxel can be calculated using Eqs. (12) and (13) accordingly. Fig.…”

“…They partitioned the model into a number of sections (triangular/trapezoidal prisms) which are called voxels in their paper and assumed the quality variations in these voxels satisfied a normal distribution [11,12]. Together with other operational constrains, they proposed a trajectory optimization algorithm that achieved the customer-required quality with minimum energy consumption.…”

3D stockpile modelling and quality calculation for continuous stockpile management

“…If any adjustments in quality are needed, the BWR has to move among stockpiles to reclaim different qualities of materials based on the operator's knowledge and experience, which may introduce more uncertainties in qualities. Consequently, on-site investigations in remote Western Australia indicate that stockpiled products are currently being reclaimed at approximately 50% of their potential engineering productive rates (Lu and Myo, 2010b). This result further indicates that both mathematical and geometric models used by most researchers in the literature are inadequate in stockpile management.…”

The study of BWR cutting trajectory for optimal stockpile-voxel profile design

“…In both approaches, stockpile is considered as a single entity with average grade. In contrast with the conventional approach, Simine CIS [4] and Lu & Myo [5,6] proposed the approach treating stockpile as a combination of volume elements with specific grade. The details of these approaches are discussed in the literature review section.…”