Optimisation of Active Magnetic Elements in Beam-like Structures—Numerical Modelling Studies

Abstract

This paper explores integrating advanced materials, including magnetic shape memory alloys, magnetorheological fluids, and classical shape memory alloys, within structural elements to achieve exceptional physical properties. When these materials are integrated within structures—whether as wires, actuators, or dampers—they provide the structures with unique static, dynamic, and damping characteristics not commonly found in nature. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of these active materials in enhancing the performance of beam-like structures. This investigation was conducted through a comprehensive numerical analysis, focusing on a composite beam. The study examined the impact of different active elements, their position within the structure, and their influence on key dynamic properties. Additionally, a simplified damage scenario was considered, wherein the adverse effects of structural damage were mitigated through the strategic application of these materials. Numerical simulations were carried out using the finite element method, with custom computational codes developed in MATLAB. The findings of these simulations are presented and discussed in this paper.