Optimization and Application of Bioflocculant Passivated Copper Nanoparticles in the Wastewater Treatment

Dlamini, Nkosinathi Goodman; Basson, Albertus K.; Pullabhotla, Viswanadha Srirama Rajasekhar

doi:10.3390/ijerph16122185

Cited by 47 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Different bacterial strains require different shaking speeds to effectively produce high yields of bioflocculants [39]. Figure 1 illustrated the effect of mixing speed on flocculating activity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Pollutants in Mine Wastewater by a Non-Cytotoxic Polymeric Bioflocculant from Alcaligenes faecalis HCB2

Maliehe

Basson

Dlamini

2019

IJERPH

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Bioflocculation is a physicochemical technique often employed to efficiently remove colloidal water pollutants. Consequently, in this study, a bioflocculant was produced, characterised and applied to remove pollutants in mine wastewater. The maximum flocculation activity of 92% was recorded at 30 °C, pH 9.0 when maltose and urea were used as energy sources and 72 h of fermentation at the inoculum size of 1% (v/v). K+ proved to be a favourable cation. The bioflocculant yield of 4 g/L was obtained. Scanning electron microscopy illustrated a hexagonal-like structure of the bioflocculant. It is composed of carbohydrates and proteins in mass proportion of 88.6 and 9.5%, respectively. The Fourier transform infrared spectrum revealed the presence of hydroxyl, amide and amino functional groups. More than 73% of the bioflocculant was obtained after exposure to 600 °C using the thermogravimetric analyser. Human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK 293) cells exhibited 95% viability after being treated with 200 µg/µL of the bioflocculant. The flocculation mechanisms were proposed to be as a result of a double layer compression by K+, chemical reactions and bridging mechanism. The removal efficiencies of 59, 72, and 75% on biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand and sulphur, were obtained respectively. Thus, the bioflocculant have potential use in wastewater treatment.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Pollutants in Mine Wastewater by a Non-Cytotoxic Polymeric Bioflocculant from Alcaligenes faecalis HCB2

Maliehe

Basson

Dlamini

2019

IJERPH

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“…The bacteria used were previously isolated from the sediment sample from Sodwana Bay in the Province of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa (28°450′ S 31°540′ E) and identified as Alcaligenes faecalis HCB2 [ 11 ]. Bioflocculant extraction was achieved following a method as described by Dlamini et al [ 21 ]. Firstly, 1 L of the production medium was prepared and autoclaved at 121 °C for 15 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The supernatant was transferred into a clean container and 1 L of distilled water and 2 L of ethanol were added to the supernatant, agitated, and the solution was stored at 4 °C for 12 h. Later, the precipitate formed was vacuum-dried and 100 mL of distilled water was added. A mixture of chloroform and n -butyl (5:2 v / v ) was also added and the mixture was left to stand for 12 h at room temperature [ 21 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wastewater Treatment by a Polymeric Bioflocculant and Iron Nanoparticles Synthesized from a Bioflocculant

2020

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Wastewater remains a global challenge. Various methods have been used in wastewater treatment, including flocculation. The aim of this study was to synthesize iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) using a polymeric bioflocculant and to evaluate its efficacy in the removal of pollutants in wastewater. A comparison between the efficiencies of the bioflocculant and iron nanoparticles was investigated. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray analyzer (EDX) and Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy were used to characterize the material. SEM-EDX analysis revealed the presence of elements such as O and C that were abundant in both samples, while FT-IR studies showed the presence of functional groups such as hydroxyl (–OH) and amine (–NH2). Fe nanoparticles showed the best flocculation activity (FA) at 0.4 mg/mL dosage as opposed to that of the bioflocculant, which displayed the highest flocculation activity at 0.8 mg/mL, and both samples were found to be cation-dependent. When evaluated for heat stability and pH stability, FeNPs were found thermostable with 86% FA at 100 °C, while an alkaline pH of 11 favored FA with 93%. The bioflocculant flocculated poorly at high temperature and was found effective mostly at a pH of 7 with over 90% FA. FeNPs effectively removed BOD (biochemical oxygen demand) and COD (chemical oxygen demand) in all two wastewater samples from coal mine water and Mzingazi River water. Cytotoxicity results showed both FeNPs and the bioflocculant as nontoxic at concentrations up to 50 µL.

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“…Die bakteriese kultuur is bewaar by -80 ºC. Die produksiemedium vir bioflokkulantproduksie is volgens die metode van Dlamini et al (2019b) berei. Dit bestaan uit glukose (20 g), MgSO 4 •7H 2 O (0.2 g), (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 (0.2 g), K 2 HPO 4 (5 g), ureum (0.5 g), gisekstrak (0.5 g) en KH 2 PO 4 (2 g) in 'n liter gefiltreerde seewater, pH 8.…”

Section: Ekstraksie En Suiwering Van Bioflokkulanteunclassified

Toepassings en bioveiligheid van Fe@Cu kern-in-dop nanodeeltjies

Goodman¹,

Kotze²,

Singh³

et al. 2020

Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Natuurwetenskap en Tegnologie

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Die afgelope paar jaar is daar groot belangstelling by navorsers vir die verskeidenheid toepassings en interessante eienskappe van kern-in-dop (Eng. Core-shell) nanodeeltjies (CSN’s) in toegepaste velde soos katalise, sensors, materiaalchemie, biologie en watersuiwering. Ons resultate dui aan dat CSN’s in ’n dosis van 0.2 mg/mL die doeltreffendste is vir flokkulasie in afvalwater met ’n flokkulasie-aktiwiteit (FA) van 99% oor ’n wye pH-reeks van 3-11 (suur, neutraal en alkalies). Die termostabiliteit van die vervaardigde nanomateriale (ENM’s) is tussen 60-100 °C in toepassings getoets waar daar nog steeds ’n 96% flokkulasie-aktiwiteit, bevestigend van die termiese stabiliteit van die ENM’s, gevind is. Die toevoeging van ’n katioon soos Ca2+, het die flokkulasie-aktiwiteit tot 99% verbeter. Die hoë verwyderingsdoeltreffendheid (RE) van COD, BOD, totale stikstof en fosfate is waargeneem in alle afvalwater wat ondersoek is. Die RE van kleurstowwe is groter as 93% vir alle kleurstofmonsters wat ge-evalueer is vir flokkulasie. Die ENM’s het antimikrobiese aktiwiteit teen beide Gram-positiewe en Gram-negatiewe mikroorganismes getoon. Die minimum inhiberende konsentrasie (MIC) en die minimum bakteridodende konsentrasie (MBC) is waargeneem teen ’n lae vlak van 1.563 mg/mL. Sellewensvatbaarheidstudies teenoor HEK293 en MCF7 selle was effektief by lae konsentrasies, asook gedurende ’n toename in konsentrasie van ENM’s.

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Optimization and Application of Bioflocculant Passivated Copper Nanoparticles in the Wastewater Treatment

Cited by 47 publications

References 32 publications

Removal of Pollutants in Mine Wastewater by a Non-Cytotoxic Polymeric Bioflocculant from Alcaligenes faecalis HCB2

Removal of Pollutants in Mine Wastewater by a Non-Cytotoxic Polymeric Bioflocculant from Alcaligenes faecalis HCB2

Wastewater Treatment by a Polymeric Bioflocculant and Iron Nanoparticles Synthesized from a Bioflocculant

Toepassings en bioveiligheid van Fe@Cu kern-in-dop nanodeeltjies

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