“…Computer simulations have proved very useful to design and optimize papermaking processes . Various applications dedicated to pulp and paper processes have been developed using some of the major simulation packages: ASPEN Plus, , BALAS, CADSIM, PROSIM, PS2000 (G2-based), WinGEMS, and others. On the other hand, chemical speciation methods have been shown to accurately describe the scaling tendency of process waters, even in contaminated flows of closed circuit board mills .…”