Optimization Growth, Yield and Secondary Metabolites Quality of Kencur (Kaempferia galanga L.) with Various Levels of Shade and Sulfur Fertilizer

Abstract

Kencur (Kaempferia galanga L.) belongs to the Zingiberaceae family and has a high economic value. One way to obtain high quality of kencur rhizome and its yield is by using the genotype. Kencur rhizome contains a variety of chemical compounds such as ethyl p-methoxycinnamate (EPMC), eucalyptol, carvone, pentadecane and metal cinnamate. 1 EPMC compounds have many uses particularly as a cosmetics ingredient because they can protect the skin from sunlight and can be used as raw materials for perfumes. In addition, the compounds in kencur rhizome are widely used as natural remedies for digestive disorders, respiratory tract and as cosmetics raw materials. 2 The distribution of kencur in Indonesia is divided into 2 types based on the origin of accessions, namely highland accessions and lowland accessions. Altitude also influences the environmental factors affecting plant growth, especially temperature and light intensity. 3 Light intensity according to the plant species' needs can be classified into minimum, optimum and maximum. 4 The use of shade is suitable to reduce the stress of high light intensity. Shade has an impact on kencur rhizome production, particularly on the amount of high-nutrient content. 5