Optimization of a model to estimate residual feed consumption in the laying hen

Luiting, P.; Urff, E.M.

doi:10.1016/0301-6226(91)90127-c

Cited by 55 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The body weight was measured every 4 weeks 57 . The theoretical FI value was calculated using a lm procedure in an R project following the model 57 ", "EMDc" and "BWG" represent the expected feed intake, mean body weight, metabolic body weight, corrected egg mass production(adjusted abnormal egg) and body weight gain, respectively. RFI was then calculated from the actual FI by subtracting the expected FI.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut metagenomic analysis reveals prominent roles of Lactobacillus and cecal microbiota in chicken feed efficiency

Yan

Sun

Yuan

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

212

195

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Interactions between the host and gut microbiota can affect gut metabolism. In this study, the individual performances of 252 hens were recorded to evaluate feed efficiency. Hens with contrasting feed efficiencies (14 birds per group) were selected to investigate their duodenal, cecal and fecal microbial composition by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene V4 region. The results showed that the microbial community in the cecum was quite different from those in the duodenum and feces. The highest biodiversity and all differentially abundant taxa between the different efficiency groups were observed in the cecal microbial community with false discovery rate (FDR) <0.05. Of these differentially abundant cecal microbes, Lactobacillus accounted for a greater proportion than the others. The abundances of Lactobacillus and Akkermansia were significantly higher while that of Faecalibacterium was lower (FDR < 0.05) in the better feed efficiency (BFE) group. Phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states (PICRUSt) analysis revealed that the functions relating to glycometabolism and amino acid metabolism were enriched in the cecal microbiota of the BFE group. These results indicated the prominent role of cecal microbiota in the feed efficiency of chickens and suggested plausible uses of Lactobacillus to improve the feed efficiency of host.The gastrointestinal tract is the major site of food digestion and nutrient absorption. Cecum is the chief functional section in the distal intestine, and its importance in birds' metabolism has received increasing attention 1,2 . The cecum, which is full of microbial fermentations, plays important roles in preventing pathogen colonization, detoxifying harmful substances, recycling nitrogen and absorbing additional nutrients 3 . The digestibility and the ability to metabolize crude fiber or other nutrients are lower in birds with a cecectomy than in normal birds 4 . In addition, significant absorption of glucose was observed in the cecum 5 , and a higher ability to actively absorb sugars at low concentrations was found in the cecum compared with the jejunum 6 . Located at the beginning of the intestine, the duodenum is crucial for feed digestion and absorption; it has a lower pH than the hindgut and is the region that absorbs most glucose 7 and other nutrients within the small intestine 8,9 . Although the cecum and the duodenum themselves are important, interactions between the gut and commensal microbes may exert a significant influence on the function of the intestine. Previous studies showed that the digestion of uric acid, cellulose, starch and other resistant carbohydrates in the cecum was associated with the cecal microbial members 3,10,11 . In a recent study, numerous oligosaccharide-and polysaccharide-degrading enzyme-encoding genes and several pathways involved in the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were observed in the cecal metagenome of the chicken 12 . The SCFAs were produced mainly by microbial fermentation in the hindgut and could be a...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut metagenomic analysis reveals prominent roles of Lactobacillus and cecal microbiota in chicken feed efficiency

Yan

Sun

Yuan

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

212

195

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show abstract

“…The RFI indirectly measures the quantity of buffer resource available for global activity, and a genetic association between the two traits has been found in the three terrestrial species (hens: Braastad and Katle, 1989;Luiting and Urff, 1991;cattle: Richardson et al, 1999;Herd et al, 2004;pigs: Sadler et al, 2011): animals with lower RFI are less active. Chronic frustration associated with the reduced feeding activity of the animals may also appear.…”

Section: Genetics Of the Behavioural Response To Changes In The Physimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chronic frustration associated with the reduced feeding activity of the animals may also appear. Negative phenotypic correlations have been estimated between RFI and the response to acute stress in poultry and cattle (Luiting and Urff, 1991;Richardson and Herd, 2004;Rauw, 2007). The reduction of RFI by selection should increase feed efficiency, with a low impact on growth, but at the expense of reduced feeding activity, owing to its positive correlation with feeding duration (pig: r g 5 0.44, von Felde et al, 1996; beef cattle: r g 5 0.35, Robinson and Oddy, 2004).…”

Section: Genetics Of the Behavioural Response To Changes In The Physimentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetics of behavioural adaptation of livestock to farming conditions

Canario

Mignon-Grasteau²,

Dupont‐Nivet

et al. 2013

Animal

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Behavioural adaptation of farm animals to environmental changes contributes to high levels of production under a wide range of farming conditions, from highly controlled indoor systems to harsh outdoor systems. The genetic variation in livestock behaviour is considerable. Animals and genotypes with a larger behavioural capacity for adaptation may cope more readily with varying farming conditions than those with a lower capacity for adaptation. This capacity should be exploited when the aim is to use a limited number of species extensively across the world. The genetics of behavioural traits is understood to some extent, but it is seldom accounted for in breeding programmes. This review summarizes the estimates of genetic parameters for behavioural traits in cattle, pigs, poultry and fish. On the basis of the major studies performed in the last two decades, we focus the review on traits of common interest in the four species. These concern the behavioural responses to both acute and chronic stressors in the physical environment (feed, temperature, etc.) and those in the social environment (other group members, progeny, humans). The genetic strategies used to improve the behavioural capacity for adaptation of animals differ between species. There is a greater emphasis on responses to acute environmental stress in fish and birds, and on responses to chronic social stress in mammals.

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“…The population of hens described by Luiting and Urff (1991) was used for the present study. It consisted of 704 hens in 94 half sib groups of 3 or 4 full sib pairs (a total of 352 full sib pairs).…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From 18 wk of age, when the hens were transferred to individual battery cages, one member of each full sib pair was fed a commercial diet (calculated content: 11.7 MJ ME/kg and 155 g CP/kg) and the other one a low-energy diet (10.0 MJ ME/kg and 152 g CP/ kg), both provided for ad libitum intake. Details on and results of measurements of diet composition, feed consumption, body weight, egg production, and rearing and housing conditions were described by Luiting and Urff (1991).…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Residual Feed Consumption in Laying Hens.

Luiting¹,

Urff²

1991

Poultry Science

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A large fraction (on average, 25%) of the variance of daily feed consumption among individual laying hens appears unaccounted for by a model with metabolic body weight, daily egg mass production, and body weight gain as independent variables. This unexplained term is referred to as "residual feed consumption" (RFC), defined operationally as the difference between the observed feed consumption of a hen and its consumption as predicted from the model. The study described here deals with the quantification of the phenotypic variation of RFC of hens of a White Leghorn population during a 44-wk laying period (20 to 64 wk of age) in 11 time segments of 4 wk each, fed either a commercial or a low-energy diet (11.7 and 10.0 MJ ME/kg, respectively, where 1 MJ = .239 Mcal). The RFC showed a standard deviation of 4 to 8 g/day. The repeatability of RFC was estimated as .52 to .58. For each time segment between 32 and 56 wk of age, phenotypic correlations between RFC and RFC accumulated over the whole laying period were estimated to be around .8. It was concluded that RFC shows a considerable amount of systematic and permanent variation, and that experimental RFC measurements can be limited to the period between 32 and 56 wk. It was also shown that variation in RFC was caused mainly by differences among hens in maintenance requirements per unit (kilogram.75) of metabolic body weight.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Optimization of a model to estimate residual feed consumption in the laying hen

Cited by 55 publications

References 12 publications

Gut metagenomic analysis reveals prominent roles of Lactobacillus and cecal microbiota in chicken feed efficiency

Gut metagenomic analysis reveals prominent roles of Lactobacillus and cecal microbiota in chicken feed efficiency

Genetics of behavioural adaptation of livestock to farming conditions

Residual Feed Consumption in Laying Hens.

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