Optimization of Application Efficacy for POST Herbicides with Adjuvants on Three-Cornered Jack (<i>Emex australis</i> Steinheil) in Wheat

Javaid, Muhammad Mansoor; Tanveer, Asif

doi:10.1614/wt-d-11-00130.1

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…ha 1 , without any phytotoxicity on the crop. Our findings were also consistent with those of Javaid and Tanveer (2013), who concluded that the increase in wheat grain yield was higher with herbicides at reduced rates and with alkyl ether sulfate sodium salt when compared with herbicides at recommended rates without adjuvants.…”

Section: Grain Yield (Kg Ha -1 )supporting

confidence: 92%

Alkyl Ether Sulfate Improves Efficacy of Herbicides Against Common Goosefoot and Field Bindweed in Wheat

et al. 2018

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-Tank mixed application of herbicides with adjuvant is required for effective weed management and to reduce herbicide load on agricultural crops. Field studies were conducted to investigate the effect of herbicides at reduced rates with adjuvant on common goosefoot (Chenopodium album) and field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis) and grain yield of wheat for two consecutive winter seasons. Treatments included post-emergence foliar application of four herbicides viz., fluroxypyr + tribenuron-methyl + clopyralid, mesosulfuron-methyl + iodosulfuron-methyl sodium, bromoxynil + MCPA, iodosulfuron-methyl sodium (pre mixed formulations) at their recommended rates 244.5, 14.2, 444.6, 10 g a.i. ha -1 , respectively and 25% reduced rates with alkyl ether sulfate Na salt at 400 mL ha -1 as adjuvant. A weedy check was kept as control. All the herbicide treatments caused a significant reduction in densities (up to 85% and 89.2%) of C. arvensis and C. album, respectively and total dry weight (12.4-56%), N (3.7-50%), P (25-63.6%) and K (1.4-56.6%) uptakes from weedy check. Better weed control was achieved with 25% lower dose of all herbicides along with adjuvant in comparison with that recorded with their full doses without adjuvant. All herbicide treatments increased the grain yield of wheat ranging from 10.4 6-56.1% over control during both years. Herbicides with adjuvant produced significantly the higher grain yield of wheat than those observed with herbicides alone. Among all herbicide treatments, 75% doses of bromoxynil + MCPA and iodosulfuron-methyl sodium along with alkyl ether sulfate adjuvant were proved to be the best as they gave significantly the higher (4902.3 and 5159.0 kg ha -1 and 4566.5 and 4891.0 kgha -1 ) grain yields of wheat during years 2013-14 and 2014-15, respectively. (244,5; 14,2; 444,6; e 10 g i.a. ha -1 , respectivamente) (até 85% e 89,2%) de C. arvensis e C. album, respectivamente, bem como no peso seco total (12.4-56%), N (3,7-50%), P (25-63,6%) e K (1,4-56,6%) Keywords: adjuvant, grain yield, herbicides, wheat RESUMO -A aplicação de herbicidas em tanque com adjuvante é necessária para o manejo eficaz de plantas daninhas e para a redução da carga de herbicidas em culturas agrícolas. Estudos de campo foram conduzidos para investigar o efeito de herbicidas em doses reduzidas com adjuvante em ansarinha-branca (Chenopodium album) e corriola (Convolvulus arvensis) e no rendimento de grãos de trigo durante duas estações de inverno consecutivas. Os tratamentos incluíram a aplicação foliar em pós-emergência de quatro herbicidas, a saber: fluroxypyr + tribenuronmethyl + clopyralid, mesosulfuron-methyl + iodosulfuron-methyl sodium, bromoxynil + MCPA e iodosulfuron-methyl sodium, com as doses recomendadasTANVEER, A. et al. Alkyl ether sulfate improves efficacy of herbicides against common goosefoot and field bindweed in wheat 2

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Section: Grain Yield (Kg Ha -1 )supporting

confidence: 92%

Alkyl Ether Sulfate Improves Efficacy of Herbicides Against Common Goosefoot and Field Bindweed in Wheat

et al. 2018

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“…Enhancements in these traits were attributed to significant increases in the weed control efficiency of herbicides with adjuvants, thus less weed competiton for the utilizition of required demands of nutrients and water, leading to increase in yield related traits of wheat. These investigations are in harmony with those of Javaid and Tanveer (2013). They concluded that bromoxynil + MCPA at 450 g a.i.…”

supporting

confidence: 82%

Increased Foliar Activity of Isoproturon+Tribenuron and Pyroxsulam Against Little Seed Canary Grass and Field Bindweed by Proper Adjuvant Selection in Wheat

et al. 2018

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. These treatments were applied at the two to three leaf stages of weeds. All the adjuvants enhanced the efficacy of herbicides; however, maximum herbicide efficacy against P. minor (93.50-97.66%) and C. arvensis (82-100%) was achieved with the application of isoproturon+tribenuron plus alkylethersulphate sodium salt, showing the lowest total weed dry weight (1.48, 0.88 g m -2). The maximum NPK-uptake was associated to the untreated control. Nutrient saving (55-95% N, 43-92% P, 55-95% K) was enhanced by the addition of all adjuvants to herbicides, with better weed control. The maximum yield (41 -43% increase over weedy check) and yield attributes were recorded with reduced rates of isoproturon+tribenuron plus alkylethersulphate sodium salt, followed by the recommended rate of the same herbicide applied alone. In contrast, sunflower oil with pyroxsulam exerted greater control of little seed canary grass and field bindweed with more yield and yield related traits than alkylethersulphate sodium salt and fatty alcohol ethoxylate with pyroxsulam. These results demonstrated the improvement in the performance of reduced rates of isoproturon+tribenuron with the inclusion of alkylethersulphate sodium salt, with a dose higher than or equal to the recommended dose of the same herbicide, and this is the most cost-effective combination.Keywords: herbicides, alkylethersulphate sodium, fatty alcohol ethoxylate, sunflower oil. RESUMO -O uso de adjuvantes para otimizar e aumentar a atividade foliar de herbicidas pós-emergência é uma forma aceitável de reduzir seus efeitos colaterais. Pesquisas de campo foram conduzidas para detectar um adjuvante adequado para dois herbicidas, nomeadamente isoproturon + tribenuron e pyroxsulam, em

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“…Emex australis and E. spinosa are weeds of winter crops and problematic in wheat. In wheat, both weeds germinate in November and December and attain maturity in April and May (Marshall & Weiss, ; Javaid & Tanveer, ). Our data suggested that the weed species are capable of emerging in a wide range of environmental conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germination ecology of Emex spinosa and Emex australis, invasive weeds of winter crops

Javaid

Tanveer

2014

Weed Research

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Emex spinosa and Emex australis are invasive dicotyledonous weeds. The effects of various environmental factors on the germination of these weeds were investigated under laboratory and glasshouse conditions. Germination response of both species was lower at warmer temperature, and maximum germination was recorded at 20/12°C (day/night). Light stimulated germination in both species, but considerable germination also occurred under darkness. More than 80% of E. spinosa seeds germinated at pH between 6 and 9, whereas E. australis seeds germination was considerably decreased at pH 9. Emex spinosa was fairly tolerant to salinity as compared with E. australis and germination (21%) of E. spinosa occurred even at 200 mM NaCl. Both species were sensitive to osmotic stress, but E. spinosa tolerated more osmotic stress than E. australis. Temperature above 20/12°C (day/ night) and low osmotic potential increased time to start germination and mean germination time (MGT), as well as decreased germination index (GI) of both species. Darkness resulted in increased MGT and decreased GI in both species when compared with 10 h photoperiod. Salt stress strongly increased time to obtain 50% germination and reduced GI of both species. In both species, an increasing burial depth decreased emergence percentage and emergence index and increased time to start emergence, although some seed emerged even at 10 cm burial depth. It was concluded that both species can germinate over a wide range of environmental conditions. However, E. australis was more sensitive under adverse environmental conditions compared with E. spinosa. This information on germination ecology may aid in developing tools and strategies for management.

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Optimization of Application Efficacy for POST Herbicides with Adjuvants on Three-Cornered Jack (Emex australis Steinheil) in Wheat

Cited by 10 publications

References 19 publications

Alkyl Ether Sulfate Improves Efficacy of Herbicides Against Common Goosefoot and Field Bindweed in Wheat

Alkyl Ether Sulfate Improves Efficacy of Herbicides Against Common Goosefoot and Field Bindweed in Wheat

Increased Foliar Activity of Isoproturon+Tribenuron and Pyroxsulam Against Little Seed Canary Grass and Field Bindweed by Proper Adjuvant Selection in Wheat

Germination ecology of Emex spinosa and Emex australis, invasive weeds of winter crops

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