Optimization of Energy Consumption Model of Laser Cladding Technology for Green Additive Manufacturing

Abstract

Regarding the complexity of energy consumption (EC) mechanisms and unpredictable EC in the additive manufacturing (AM) process, this research illustrates the laser cladding system's EC modelling and analysis method. Initially, according to the laser cladding system's working principle and EC characteristics, it is divided into five subsystems. Then, the energy consumption model (ECM) of each subsystem and the ECM of the whole laser cladding system are obtained through theoretical and experimental analysis. Finally, the ECM and specific EC were analysed in the cladding experiment. In this research cladding matrix and cladding material are both 316L Stainless steel. The results showed that the errors between the prediction results of EC and specific EC and the experimental measurement results were 1.37% and 2.17%, respectively, which indicate the accuracy and effectiveness of the model. The model has practical value in predicting the laser cladding system's EC, improving the process route, and achieving green development. The proposed method can also provide a reference for the EC research of other AM technologies.

Fabrication of Functionally Graded Materials through Severe Plastic Deformation of Powders: Process, Significance, and Future Development

“…Some FGM fabrication methods are intrinsically more energy-intensive than others, affecting overall sustainability. For example, a study by Maih et al [49] discovered that the energy consumption associated with laser cladding was nearly ten times more than that of standard manufacturing techniques. The energy requirements for FGM production are an essential part of environmental sustainability.…”