Optimization of Grouting Material Mixture Ratio Based on Multi-Objective Optimization and Multi-Attribute Decision-Making

Xiong, Luchang; Zhang, Zhaoyang; Wan, Zhifeng; Zhang, Yuan; Wang, Ziqi; Lv, Jian

doi:10.3390/su14010399

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) was typically employed to evaluate the mechanical performance of the hardened body. For grouting materials [ 9 , 53 ], seven-day UCS is an essential parameter to evaluate their strength performance. Herein, the UCS of hardened GBM specimens after curing for seven days was studied.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on Performance Optimization of Grouting Backfill Material Based on Mechanically Ground Coal Gangue Utilizing Urea and Quicklime

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2023

Materials

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Previously conducted studies have established that grouting backfill in mining-induced overburden bed separation and mined-out areas with broken rocks provides an efficient strategy to control strata movement and surface subsidence caused by underground mining. Grouting backfill materials (GBMs) based on coal gangue (CG) are highly desirable in coal mining for accessibility to abundant CG and urgent demand for CG disposal. However, CG is generally employed as coarse aggregate due to rather rigid and inert properties, limiting its application in GBMs. Herein, to reduce reliance on fine aggregates, such as fly ash and clay, cemented GBM formulations using ground CG powder as a dominant component were proposed. Urea and quicklime were utilized as additives to optimize slurry transportability and compressive strength. Besides typical grinding without additives, CG powder was also prepared via grinding with urea, intending to enhance the hydrogen bonding (HB) interaction between urea and minerals contained in CG. The effect of grinding time and urea on CG particle size and phase composition was investigated. Then, the dependence of slurry transportability and compressive strength on grinding time, solid concentration, urea, and quicklime dosage were revealed. It has been experimentally proved that grinding for 30~90 min significantly decreased CG particle size and even induced crystal deformation of dolomite and kaolinite. For GBMs, urea improved slurry flowability, possibly caused by decreased water absorption on the CG surface and the release of water encapsulated in hydrated cement particles. Moreover, quicklime strengthened GBM bodies, which could be explained by an accelerated pozzolanic reaction between CG powder and additional CH supplied by quicklime hydration. G60U3-based GBM-B2 with 5% quicklime provided a stable and smooth slurry with a bleeding rate of 1.25%, a slump flow of 205 mm, and a hardened body with a seven-day UCS of 1.51 MPa.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on Performance Optimization of Grouting Backfill Material Based on Mechanically Ground Coal Gangue Utilizing Urea and Quicklime

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2023

Materials

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“…These findings have been widely used in the design of shield tunnels in similar strata. Xiong et al analyzed the influences of raw materials on material properties based on Box–Behnken design with three factors and three levels, and they realized the multi-objective optimization of the grout ratio through the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II) algorithm ( 10 ). With the application of the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) in the National Nuclear Regulatory Portal (NNPR), the best solution was obtained with a water–cement ratio of 0.71, fumed silica content of 1.73%, and sodium silicate content of 2.61%.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of the Grout Mix Ratio and Simulation Test of Shield Tail Grouting Similarities in a Water-Rich Fine Sand Layer

Song,

Li,

Wang

et al. 2023

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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When shield tunneling is performed in water-rich silt and fine sand strata, the grout becomes runny when diluted by groundwater. After dilution, the filling effect of the grout is not significant, and the level of surface settlement is very high. In this study, based on bidding section 04 of Tianjin Metro Line 11, traditional grouting materials were selected to conduct response surface method (RSM) tests. The purposes of the RSM analysis were to analyze the interactions between materials and their influences on grout performance and to optimize the grout mix ratio. Various admixtures were compared to assess the effects of different admixtures and compositions on the dispersion resistance and flow performance of the grout. Finally, a shield synchronous grouting test system was developed, and a similar indoor grouting simulation test was performed to analyze the influences of the different admixtures on the filling effects and to determine a reasonable grout mix ratio. The following three results were obtained. (1) The RSM was suitable for grout performance prediction and grout mix ratio optimization, and hydroxyethyl cellulose could improve the grout performance and increase the bond performance between the cementing material and aggregate. (2) Admixture incorporation enhancement could improve the grout utilization rate and increase the diffusion distance at the top of the tunnel, which would be conducive to filling the gap at the tail end of the shield. (3) The optimal preparation scheme of grout in water-rich fine sand formations included a water–binder ratio of 0.72, cement–sand ratio of 0.80, fly ash content of 5%, bentonite content of 14.94%, and admixture content of 0.8%–0.9%

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“…The F value shows that the degree of influence of each significant factor on compressive strength is in the order of B > D > A, with B having the greatest influence. Coal is a natural polymer organic mineral, and its molecular structure consists of aromatic hydrocarbons with different degrees of condensation and bridging bonds connected to the aromatic ring (Xiong et al, 2021). This structure gives the coal molecules a certain rigidity and allows them to be used as rigid particles in polymers.…”

Section: Analysis Of Factors That Affect Compressive Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and performance optimization of a new composite sealing material prepared by drilling cuttings

Li,

Han,

Wang

et al. 2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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A highly efficient composite sealing material was prepared using drilling cuttings as the base material and a binder, a coagulant, and other additives as auxiliaries. A four-factor, three-level orthogonal test was designed based on the response surface method (RSM), and a response surface regression model was constructed using compressive strength, fluidity, expansion rate, and setting time as performance indexes to analyze the effects of each factor on material performance and optimize the material proportion. The samples were prepared by simulating the grouting process, the permeability of the samples was measured, and the sealability of the material was verified by analyzing the material microscopic morphology. Results showed that the regression model had a high level of confidence and accuracy and could predict the test results accurately within the range of the test. The effects of the interaction between factors on material performance were also examined. The low permeability of the sealing material samples verified the material’s feasibility. Gradual optimization of material performance revealed that the optimal proportion was 52.6% drill cuttings, 44.3% binder, 0.6% coagulant promoter, and 2.5% expansive agent. Under these conditions, the error between the predicted and test values of each material property was less than 5%, and the comprehensive performance was superior. These findings verify the accuracy of RSM and its applicability to the optimization of material performance. This work provides reasonable theoretical guidance for the preparation of drilling cuttings composite (DC) materials in practical engineering.

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Optimization of Grouting Material Mixture Ratio Based on Multi-Objective Optimization and Multi-Attribute Decision-Making

Cited by 7 publications

References 45 publications

Experimental Study on Performance Optimization of Grouting Backfill Material Based on Mechanically Ground Coal Gangue Utilizing Urea and Quicklime

Experimental Study on Performance Optimization of Grouting Backfill Material Based on Mechanically Ground Coal Gangue Utilizing Urea and Quicklime

Optimization of the Grout Mix Ratio and Simulation Test of Shield Tail Grouting Similarities in a Water-Rich Fine Sand Layer

Development and performance optimization of a new composite sealing material prepared by drilling cuttings

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