Optimization of ohmic heating assisted hydrodistillation of cinnamon and bay leaf essential oil

Abstract

In this work, optimum ohmic heating assisted hydrodistillation (OAHD) conditions for extraction of cinnamon (CEO) and bay leaf (BEO) essential oil were determined by response surface methodology (RSM). OAHD were compared with conventional hydrodistillation (HD). Hydrodistillation time (30–120 min), mass of sample (20–40 g) and voltage gradient (7.5–12.5 V/cm), were varied to maximize essential oil (EO) yield and minimize energy consumption. Optimized OAHD conditions were determined as 119.90 min, 8.83 V/cm and 40 g, and 120 min, 8.53 V/cm and 40 g for CEO and BEO, respectively. EO yields of cinnamon and bay leaves at optimum conditions were found 3.98 ± 0.25% and 1.36 ± 0.14%, respectively. Energy consumptions were found 0.42 ± 0.02 and 0.86 ± 0.09 kWh/g EO for CEO and BEO, respectively. EO yield of OAHD was found to be higher when compared with HD methods for both plant materials. Energy consumptions and emitted CO2 values of OAHD method were significantly (p < 0.05) lower than HD methods. Cinnamaldehyde (CEO) and eucalyptol (BEO) contents of essential oils extracted with OAHD were higher when compared with HD methods. Antioxidant activities of essential oils extracted with different methods were not significantly different. CEO and BEO formed inhibition zones against all tested microorganism strains. Practical Applications Essential oils of cinnamon bark and bay leaf are commonly used for food and pharmaceutical industries and, have important economic value. Conventional hydrodistillation method to extraction essential oils is time consuming, requires more energy and has more CO2 emission rates. Ohmic heating assisted hydrodistillation as a novel technology, is a promising method to extraction of essential oils from different plant materials with lower process times and energy consumption when compared with conventional hydrodistillation. Ohmic heating assisted hydrodistillation method can developed with regard to scale up as a green technology to essential oil production. This work provides a knowledge about the effects of different OAHD process variables on essential oil yield and energy consumption for cinnamon bark and bay leaf essential oils. It is expected that the outcomes of this study will be useful for the designing of large scale ohmic heating assisted hydrodistillation units.

Chemical Characterization, Antioxidant, Insecticidal and Anti-Cholinesterase Activity of Essential Oils Extracted from Cinnamomum verum L.

“…The yield of the essential oils of cinnamon is 2.11 ± 0.15%, and that found by another study was of the order of 3.98 ± 0.25% [34]. This can be caused by different factors (the method of extraction, the time of distillation, the quality of the dried cinnamon, noting that the quality improves from year to year and that the aged cinnamon has a higher content of essential oils, as well as the geographical origin and the time of harvesting and preservation, etc.…”

Clove Essential Oil: Chemical Profile, Biological Activities, Encapsulation Strategies, and Food Applications

“…The use of ohmic heating for EO extraction is a novel concept that has piqued the interest of researchers worldwide, being used to extract it from several plants such as clove, cinnamon, or bay leaf [84] and lavender [85]. OAHD is an environmentally friendly technology that can be scaled up to the industrial level to obtain these EOs [86].…”

The role and mechanism of cinnamaldehyde in cancer

“…Traditional methods for extracting compounds such as CA mainly include steam distillation [ 45 ], hydrodistillation and soxhlet extraction [ 46 ]. Among them, hydrodistillation is widely used due to its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and absence of solvent residue [ 47 ], however, it typically produces lower yields. Therefore, in recent years, new extraction methods have emerged, such as supercritical fluid CO 2 extraction [ 48 ], sonohydrodistillation [ 49 ], ultrasonic and microwave-assisted deep eutectic solvent (DES) extraction [ 50 ], aiming to improve the extraction rate and yield and overcome the limitations of traditional extraction techniques [ 51 ].…”