Optimization of physical and mechanical properties of glycerol - modified natural rubber/starch - filled carbon black composites using two level factorial design

Mazliah, M.; Mohamad, Noraiham; Maulod, Hairul Effendy Ab; Jeefferie, Abd Razak; Azam, Mohd Asyadi; Karim, K. I.; Mahamood, Mazlin Aida; Hamdan, M.M.

doi:10.15282/jmes.13.2.2019.16.0413

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…40,41 Such a framework is used to assess appropriate responses, and evaluate the relative importance of several influencing factors even when complex interactions occur. 42,43…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…40,41 Such a framework is used to assess appropriate responses, and evaluate the relative importance of several influencing factors even when complex interactions occur. 42,43 In general, both of the MDPE and PET polymers have excellent mechanical properties (such as hardness and wear resistance), are abundantly available in the surrounding environment, but PET is essentially cheaper than MDPE. Nevertheless, using the date-seed nanoparticles (DSN) as a reinforcement material for these polymers would have a clear advantage e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of the effects of nano date seed as reinforcement material for medium-density polyethylene (MDPE) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) using multilevel factorial design

Elkhouly

2020

Polymers and Polymer Composites

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In the last few decades, there has been an increasing demand for low-cost raw materials and environmentally eco-friendly end products. This demand stimulated a growing interest in natural particles as potential reinforcement materials for composite manufacturing. In this paper, we introduce organic date-seed nanofillers (DSN) as reinforcement materials for the development of enhanced polymer nanocomposites. We particularly investigate the effect of these nanoparticles on two types of polymer base materials, namely medium-density polyethylene (MDPE) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). A collection of MDPE and PET nanocomposite samples with DSN content ranging from 0.0–0.75 wt% has been prepared using a hot compression method. The MDPE-DSN and PET-DSN nanocomposite structures were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA), and Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The mechanical characteristics of these nanocomposites were experimentally examined through wear loss and Vickers micro-hardness tests. The experimental results show that the MDPE-DSN composite is chemically more stable than the PET-DSN one. Moreover, the MDPE-DSN nanocomposite shows enhanced hardness and wear resistance properties, while the PET-DSN one shows less noticeable enhancements. The best enhancements were obtained with a DSN reinforcement of 0.75 wt%., and a normal load of 10 N. As well, the experimental outcomes show a good agreement with theoretical predictions. In general, the DSN material enhances the mechanical properties of polymer materials and reduces their economic costs.

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“…40,41 Such a framework is used to assess appropriate responses, and evaluate the relative importance of several influencing factors even when complex interactions occur. 42,43…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the effects of nano date seed as reinforcement material for medium-density polyethylene (MDPE) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) using multilevel factorial design

Elkhouly

2020

Polymers and Polymer Composites

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“…Results showed that the optimum tensile properties were achieved at a carbon black loading of 50 phr and glycerol content of 7%. This new formulation between rubber starch-filled carbon black composites are potential material for natural rubber-based products with acceptable mechanical properties [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Strain rates effect of dynamic compression properties of E-glass / jute composite

Jusoh

Yahya

Ahmad

2020

JMES

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Presently, the application of natural fibres widely gains attention from academia and industries as an alternative material in the composite system. The introduction of the hybrid composite using natural and synthetic fibres is extensively investigated on the static mechanical properties. However, the investigation on the high strain-rates effect is less reported due to the difficulty of the experimental set-up as well as the limitation of dynamic testing apparatus. The split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) was utilised in this present study to characterise the dynamic mechanical properties of the hybrid composite between E-glass with jute fibres at three different strain rates of 755, 1363, and 2214 s−1. Results showed that the dynamic compression stress and strain of the tested samples significantly influenced by the value of strain rates applied. The E-glass/jute sample exhibited the strain-rate dependent behaviour, whereby the higher dynamic mechanical properties were recorded when the higher strain rates were imposed. The difference between maximum dynamic stress was 12.1 and 23.9% when the strain rates were increased from 755 to 1363 s−1 and 1363 to 2214 s−1, respectively. In terms of compressive strain, the maximum compressive strain was recorded when the lower strain rates were imposed during testing.

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“…It also affected the cure characteristics and improved the mechanical properties of NR filled with WG [12]. A maximum tensile strength of 23 MPa and rebound resilience of 71% were achieved for CB and the glycerol loadings at 50 phr and 7 phr, respectively, for the glycerol-modified NR/starch-filled CB composites [14]. Calcium lignosulfonate was introduced into styrenebutadiene rubber (SBR) and acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) at a consistent ratio of 30 phr.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Glycerol as Processing Oil in Natural Rubber/Carbon Black Composites: Processing, Mechanical, and Thermal Aging Properties

Naebpetch,

Thumrat,

Indriasari

et al. 2023

Polymers

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The present work aims to study the effect of glycerol as a replacement for mineral oils in natural rubber (NR) composites to obtain suitable properties via cure characteristics, mechanical properties, and thermal stability. Glycerol was used at a 5 phr rate in the compound with carbon black as a reinforcing filler and was compared to mineral processing oils such as aromatic oil, treated distillate aromatic extracted oil, and paraffinic oil. Compared to the other oils, glycerol exhibits better maximum torque and torque differences. Also, a shorter scorch time, cure time, and a higher cure rate index of the compounds were observed. However, although the received mechanical properties, including tensile strength, elongation at break, and compression set of the vulcanized rubber using glycerol showed slightly lower values than the others, the 100% and 300% moduli, as well as the hardness of the composites filled with glycerol, exhibit better values relative to the other commercial oils. These findings demonstrate that glycerol overall presents a good balance of properties, making it beneficial to use glycerol as a substitute for mineral oil in tire, shoe sole, and rubber stopper applications.

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Optimization of physical and mechanical properties of glycerol - modified natural rubber/starch - filled carbon black composites using two level factorial design

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

Comparison of the effects of nano date seed as reinforcement material for medium-density polyethylene (MDPE) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) using multilevel factorial design

Comparison of the effects of nano date seed as reinforcement material for medium-density polyethylene (MDPE) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) using multilevel factorial design

Strain rates effect of dynamic compression properties of E-glass / jute composite

Effect of Glycerol as Processing Oil in Natural Rubber/Carbon Black Composites: Processing, Mechanical, and Thermal Aging Properties

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