Optimization of preparation conditions for activated carbon from banana pseudo-stem using response surface methodology on removal of color and COD from landfill leachate

Ghani, Zaidi Ab; Yusoff, Mohd Suffian; Zaman, Nastaein Qamaruz; Zamri, Mohd Faiz Muaz Ahmad; Andas, Jeyashelly

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2017.02.026

Cited by 184 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Calculation of the iodine number (IN) was carried out under the ASTM D4607 standard. An iodine removal rate of 25 and 16 mg g -1 was obtained using carbons with an impregnation ratio of 1:2 and 1:3, respectively.The results obtained for the carbons synthesised in this investigation are considerably low compared to those obtained from the 1101 banana stem reported by AbGhani et al [16], the latter being very similar to commercial carbon.These results are consistent with those obtained from BET surface area and methylene blue adsorption capacity, which indicates that the porosity is considerably lower than other carbons synthesized with the same activating agent.…”

Section: Determination Of Adsorption Capacitycontrasting

confidence: 70%

Low-temperature Activated Carbon from Mixed Biomass Oil Palm Residuals (fibrilla and cuesco) for Use in the Treatment of Oily Water

2018

IJCTR

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:The present research aimed to prepare low temperature activated carbon from cuesco and oil palm fibrilla in a ratio of 50-50 % w w -1 with an impregnation ratio of 1:2 and 1:3 zinc chloride (ZnCl 2 ) to be used in the oily substances adsorption in synthetic solutions. The biomass was initially washed, reduced in size and sieved with particle sizes between 2 mm and 1 mm. Afterwards, 10 g of cuesco and 10 g of fibrilla were weighed, mixed, homogenized and impregnated with aqueous ZnCl 2 solutions, the impregnated biomass was filtered and heated for 40 min with a ramp of 5°C min -1 from 150°C to 350°C and then activated with 0.1 M HCl.The precursor (mixture of cuesco and fibrilla) was characterized by analysis of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and synthesized carbons were characterized by Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (DRX) analysis. The presence of cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin, and activated carbon of zinc and chlorine on the surface of both carbons were found in biomass, the almost total deterioration of the bands corresponding to lignin and cellulose, and surface areas of 23.24 m 2 g -1 and 12.38 m 2 g -1 , respectively.Adsorption tests of methylene blue and iodine index showed that carbon 1:2 showed better adsorption capacity. The experimental adsorption data were best adjusted by Elovich's kinetic model and Freundlich's isotherm. Therefore, the use of mixed biomass for the preparation of activated carbon can be used in the adsorption of oil present in water.

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Section: Determination Of Adsorption Capacitycontrasting

confidence: 70%

Low-temperature Activated Carbon from Mixed Biomass Oil Palm Residuals (fibrilla and cuesco) for Use in the Treatment of Oily Water

2018

IJCTR

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“…The adsorption treatment is a complex process which involves polar adsorption of the adsorbate by functional groups present in the adsorbent, accumulation on the surface of the adsorbate and π–π attraction between the adsorbate and the layers of the adsorbent . However, the adsorption of LL is difficult to understand due to the several component species present, such as polar and nonpolar organic constituents (proteins, tannins, carbohydrates, lignin, melanic acid, humic acid and fulvic acid) …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…60 However, the adsorption of LL is difficult to understand due to the several component species present, such as polar and nonpolar organic constituents (proteins, tannins, carbohydrates, lignin, melanic acid, humic acid and fulvic acid). 61…”

Section: Toxicity Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of fish scales as an adsorbent of organic matter present in the treatment of landfill leachate

Poblete

Cortés

Bakit

et al. 2020

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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This study focuses on the removal of organic pollutants present in landfill leachate (LL) using an adsorption process with activated carbon (AC) obtained from fish scales, and subsequently evaluates the reduction of toxicity in the wastewater obtained from the process. The AC obtained is a mesoporous material, with a cumulative pore area of 1.57 m2 g−1, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) of 1.8329 m2 g−1 and adsorption average pore width of 12.79833 nm. The maximum removal of pollutants was achieved at natural pH (6.71) of the LL, with a load of 3 g L−1, resulting in 60.1% colour and 37.3% chemical oxygen demand (COD). The rate of COD removal per g of AC increase had a maximum value of 5.6 at pH 10 when passing from 0.5 to 1 g AC. The lowest rate of 0.6 occurred for the same pH when it passed from 1 to 2 g AC. At pH 3 the second lowest rate of 3.3 was observed when passing from 2 to 3 g AC. At pH 3 there was always an increase in the rate as more AC was added. Conversely, at natural pH 6.71 the rate tended to decrease. At pH 10 the rate first decreased and then increased. At acidic pH, because it is the one with the lowest COD removal, it would be expected that by adding more AC the rate would continue to increase as there are easily accessible sites still available. Langmuir isotherms fitted adequately with the experimental data, providing an R2 of 0.9657, which is consistent with a monolayer adsorption pattern. The LL before the adsorption process had an inhibition ratio of 20.4%, due to the fact that leachate can be toxic because of the presence of hazardous organic compounds. After adsorption processes at pH 6.71, the inhibition ratios were 16.9%, 13.8%, 12.2% and 10.9% at AC loads of 0.5, 1, 2 and 3 g L−1, respectively, due to decreasing COD and colour of the LL over the course of the treatment. It was observed that the reduction of the inhibition ratio was greater at higher loads of adsorbent. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry

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“…37 This methodology has been widely applied in designing and developing new products as well as optimizing existing product designs. 38,39 Using a fitted numerical model to represent obtained data, the RSM produces a secondorder empirical equation, which describes the response and a statistical assessment of descriptive adequacy. The regression coefficients of the model were estimated by means of the least squares method, 37,38 and the model was given as follows:…”

Section: Response-surface Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The RSM is a class of statistical and mathematical techniques using specific methods to establish a response surface representing the correlation of collected data, which provide a systematic and efficient research strategy for studying the effect of individual parameters . This methodology has been widely applied in designing and developing new products as well as optimizing existing product designs . Using a fitted numerical model to represent obtained data, the RSM produces a second‐order empirical equation, which describes the response and a statistical assessment of descriptive adequacy.…”

Section: Model Description and Governing Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance analysis and optimization design of an axial-flow vane separator for supercritical CO₂ (sCO₂ )-water mixtures from geothermal reservoirs

et al. 2019

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Summary Supercritical CO2 (sCO2) has been proven to be a promising working fluid for geothermal heat mining, and the produced hot sCO2 can be directly used for power generation. However, the sCO2 produced from a brine‐based reservoir may contain a certain amount of water, preventing direct power‐cycle utilization. In this paper, an axial vane separator was designed to address the separation problem of sCO2 and water produced from geothermal reservoirs. First, the influences of operational and structural parameters on the separation performance were analyzed through numerical simulations. Five factors were selected to develop separation performance regression models by the response‐surface method (RSM). Finally, geometrical parameter optimization was applied to these RSM models. The results show that the guide vane area and the exhaust inlet are the main locations impacting the system pressure drop. The separation performance can be affected by many factors, including the guide blade outlet angle, number of vanes, hub diameter, length of the vortex tube, droplet size, and inlet velocity. The water‐droplet size and the number of vanes are the most critical factors affecting the separation efficiency. The inlet velocity, the number of vanes, and the hub diameter have a larger influence on the pressure drop of the separator. The optimization results indicate that the separation efficiency can reach 100% under certain operating conditions with a pressure drop no greater than 100 kPa.

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Optimization of preparation conditions for activated carbon from banana pseudo-stem using response surface methodology on removal of color and COD from landfill leachate

Cited by 184 publications

References 37 publications

Low-temperature Activated Carbon from Mixed Biomass Oil Palm Residuals (fibrilla and cuesco) for Use in the Treatment of Oily Water

Low-temperature Activated Carbon from Mixed Biomass Oil Palm Residuals (fibrilla and cuesco) for Use in the Treatment of Oily Water

Use of fish scales as an adsorbent of organic matter present in the treatment of landfill leachate

Performance analysis and optimization design of an axial-flow vane separator for supercritical CO₂ (sCO₂ )-water mixtures from geothermal reservoirs

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Optimization of preparation conditions for activated carbon from banana pseudo-stem using response surface methodology on removal of color and COD from landfill leachate

Cited by 184 publications

References 37 publications

Low-temperature Activated Carbon from Mixed Biomass Oil Palm Residuals (fibrilla and cuesco) for Use in the Treatment of Oily Water

Low-temperature Activated Carbon from Mixed Biomass Oil Palm Residuals (fibrilla and cuesco) for Use in the Treatment of Oily Water

Use of fish scales as an adsorbent of organic matter present in the treatment of landfill leachate

Performance analysis and optimization design of an axial-flow vane separator for supercritical CO2 (sCO2 )-water mixtures from geothermal reservoirs

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Product

Resources

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Performance analysis and optimization design of an axial-flow vane separator for supercritical CO₂ (sCO₂ )-water mixtures from geothermal reservoirs