Optimization of solid‐phase extraction of parabens and benzophenones in water samples using a combination of Plakett‐Burman and Box‐Behnken designs

Chávez-Moreno, Carmin A.; Hinojosa‐Reyes, Laura; Ruiz-Ruiz, Edgar J.; Hernández-Ramírez, Aracely; Guzmán-Mar, Jorge Luis

doi:10.1002/jssc.201800796

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Mean values of 6.3 and 3.8 (p > 0.05) were obtained for the lack-of-fit test, suggesting that the model is reliable in predicting the response and that it can predict variations within the response [37]. Figures 1 and 2 confirm that the curve of observed values as a function of predicted values perfectly fits the shape of a straight line; we note the close agreement that exists between the experimental results and the theoretical values predicted by the polynomial model [40][41][42][43][44].…”

Section: Model-fitting and Statistical Analysissupporting

confidence: 55%

Application of Response Surface Methodology to Optimize Solid-Phase Extraction of Benzoic Acid and Sorbic Acid from Food Drinks

Kefi

Baccouri²,

Torkhani³

et al. 2022

Foods

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An experimental design was applied for the optimization of the extraction process of two preservatives, benzoic and sorbic acids (BA, SA), from food drinks. A simple, rapid, and reliable solid-phase extraction (SPE) method for the simultaneous extraction of these two preservatives and their determination by liquid chromatography with a diode array detector was considered. Box–Behnken design (BBD) was applied to both steps of the SPE process: (i) the sample percolation to ensure the retention of the totality of the acids by the silica-based C18 sorbent; (ii) the elution step to ensure desorption of the totality of the acids from the cartridge. Thus, the volume, pH, and flow rate of the sample, and the percentage of MeOH, volume, and flow rate of the elution solvent, were optimized. Sample volume and pH have a significant influence (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0115) on the percolation yield. However, no effect was recorded for the flow rate (p > 0.05). Flow rate also has no significant effect on the elution efficiency. The proposed new solid-phase extraction method, which can be easily applied to routine monitoring of preservatives BA and SA in juice and soft drink samples, included 0.5 g of C18 sorbent, 1 mL of food drink adjusted to pH 1 and percolated at 4.5 mL min−1, and 1 mL of a solvent mixture composed of methanol/acidified water (pH = 2.6) (90:10, v/v) used in the elution step at a flow rate of 4.5 mL min−1. Validation of the SPE method and the technique of analysis were evaluated, namely, the accuracy, precision, detection, and quantification limits and linearity. Recovery percentages of benzoic and sorbic acids were above 95% with relative standard deviations lower than 1.78%. Detection and quantification limits were 0.177 and 0.592 µg mL−1, and 0.502 and 0.873 µg mL−1 for benzoic acid and sorbic acid respectively. Optimal conditions were applied to commercial fruit juices and soft drinks and a minimal matrix effect was observed. This method was compared with other SPE methods using oxidized activated carbon and multiwalled carbon nanotubes as adsorbents. The yields determined with these last two were low compared to those determined with our method.

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Section: Model-fitting and Statistical Analysissupporting

confidence: 55%

Application of Response Surface Methodology to Optimize Solid-Phase Extraction of Benzoic Acid and Sorbic Acid from Food Drinks

Kefi

Baccouri²,

Torkhani³

et al. 2022

Foods

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“…There is only a 4.71% chance that an F-value this large could occur due to noise. The results demonstrated that the model was significant, as evidenced by the high value of the F-test and a low p -value [ 50 , 51 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Doehlert Experimental Design for Optimization of a New-Based Hydrophilic Interaction Solid-Phase Extraction of Phenolic Acids from Olive Oils

et al. 2023

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In this work, a rapid, precise, and cost-valuable method has been established to quantify phenolic compounds in olive oil using new-based hydrophilic interaction solid-phase extraction (SPE). Boehlert’s experimental design applied the determination of the optimal operating conditions. An investigation into the effects of the methanol composition (50–100%), the volume of eluent (1–12 mL), and pH (1–3) on the extraction of phenols acids and total phenols from Tunisian olive oils was performed. The results showed that the extraction conditions had a significant effect on the extraction efficiency. The experiment showed that the greatest conditions for the SPE of phenolic acids were the methanol composition at 90.3%, pH at 2.9, and volume at 7.5 mL, respectively. The optimal conditions were applied to different types of olive oils, and it could be concluded that larger concentrations of polyphenols were found in extra virgin olive oil (89.15–218), whereas the lowest levels of these compounds (66.8 and 5.1) were found in cold-pressed crude olive oil and olive pomace oil, respectively.

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“…Usually, the development of a SPE procedure for the pre-concentration of analytes in water samples requires the study of the effect of several parameters on the retention/elution of these analytes on the SPE sorbent. Optimization of these parameters can be performed using step-by-step and/or multifactorial experimental design methodologies, being the last approach particularly useful for the pre-concentration of multiclass analytes [45][46][47][48]. In general, step-by-step optimization approach is employed to determine the optimal conditions for independent parameters (e.g.…”

Section: Solid-phase Extraction Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silica Based Mesoporous Materials as Sorbents for Solid-Phase Extraction of Organic Pollutants in Water

Dolores Gil García,

Martínez Galera,

Jesús Martínez Bueno

2024

Environmental Sciences

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Since the first applications of solids with adsorbent properties in water treatment, Solid-Phase Extraction (SPE) has been the most suitable sample preparation technique for the determination of organic pollutants in water. In the last decades, numerous articles have appeared in the literature describing a wide variety of SPE sorbents. Attention in this field has focused on the search for new SPE materials capable of extracting a wide variety of pollutants from water. However, each sorbent has advantages for certain compounds, but not when it is used with others. Thus, conventional sorbents showed poor performance for most high polarity analytes. Recently, mesoporous materials are attracting increasing interest in sample preparation due to their desirable characteristics. They present unique advantages as highly ordered and size-controlled mesoporous structures, high surface areas and large pore volumes, good performance in thermal and chemical stability, compositional controllability and flexibility for functionalization.

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Optimization of solid‐phase extraction of parabens and benzophenones in water samples using a combination of Plakett‐Burman and Box‐Behnken designs

Cited by 16 publications

References 42 publications

Application of Response Surface Methodology to Optimize Solid-Phase Extraction of Benzoic Acid and Sorbic Acid from Food Drinks

Application of Response Surface Methodology to Optimize Solid-Phase Extraction of Benzoic Acid and Sorbic Acid from Food Drinks

Application of Doehlert Experimental Design for Optimization of a New-Based Hydrophilic Interaction Solid-Phase Extraction of Phenolic Acids from Olive Oils

Silica Based Mesoporous Materials as Sorbents for Solid-Phase Extraction of Organic Pollutants in Water

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