Optimization of the clinical diagnostic examination algorithm of patients with a cross bite complicated by cranio-mandibular dysfunction and postural disorder

Abstract

Aim: Optimization of the clinical and diagnostic examination algorithm of patients with cross bite, aggravated by cranio-mandibular dysfunction and postural disorders. Materials and Methods: 22 patients aged 13-16 years with cross bite with displacement of the lower jaw were examined. The first group consisted of 15 people with a right-sided displacement of the lower jaw, the second – 7 patients with a left-sided one. The condition of the musculoskeletal system was assessed by the position of the head, shoulders, shoulder blades, back (curvature of the spine), legs, chest shape, and abdomen. To determine the state of stability of the body in space, posturological and kinesiological tests were performed. The location of TMJ elements was evaluated on orthopantomograms. Statistical processing of the material was carried out with the help of the “Excel” license package. Results: 63.64% of patients with a cross bite have disorders of the musculoskeletal system: scoliotic posture – 40.91% and scoliosis – 22.73%. TMJ dysfunction was detected in all examined patients. It was established that the anatomical and topographic features of the joint elements depend on the side of the lower jaw displacement. Conclusions: The functional imbalance of all structural elements of the musculoskeletal system and the cranio-mandibular complex determined during the research proved the need to optimize the clinical-diagnostic algorithm: consultation of a traumatologist-orthopedic doctor, X-ray examination of TMJ, conducting posturological tests.