Optimization of the procedure to burn textile fabrics by cone calorimeter: Part I. Combustion behavior of polyester

Tata, Jennifer Katty; Alongi, Jenny; Carosio, Federico; Frache, Alberto

doi:10.1002/fam.1061

Cited by 107 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The obtained FR products were applied onto cotton fabrics [28,29]. From an overall point of view, the treated cotton fabrics showed a fire behavior similar to that provided by monomers (14) and (15).…”

Section: Triazine-based Flame Retardantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances for Flame Retardancy of Textiles Based on Phosphorus Chemistry

2016

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This paper aims at updating the progress on the phosphorus-based flame retardants specifically designed and developed for fibers and fabrics (particularly referring to cotton, polyester and their blends) over the last five years. Indeed, as clearly depicted by Horrocks in a recent review, the world of flame retardants for textiles is still experiencing some changes that are focused on topics like the improvement of its effectiveness and the replacement of toxic chemical products with counterparts that have low environmental impact and, hence, are more sustainable. In this context, phosphorus-based compounds play a key role and may lead, possibly in combination with silicon-or nitrogen-containing structures, to the design of new, efficient flame retardants for fibers and fabrics. Therefore, this review thoroughly describes the advances and the potentialities offered by the phosphorus-based products recently developed at a lab-scale, highlighting the current limitations, open challenges and some perspectives toward their possible exploitation at a larger scale.

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Section: Triazine-based Flame Retardantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances for Flame Retardancy of Textiles Based on Phosphorus Chemistry

2016

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“…to ISO 5660, following the procedure described elsewhere. 36 The parameters are TTI (s), HRR (kW/m 2 g), and the relative peak (pkHRR, kW/m 2 g). Fire performance index (FPI, sm 2 g/kW) was also calculated as ratio between TTI and pkHRR.…”

Section: Oxygen Consumption Calorimetry (Cone Calorimetry)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] As an alternative, some authors indicate the use of adifferent vertical test developed and set up by Mostashari et al [29][30][31][32] (ASTM D1230-94). With the introduction of such a sophisticated calorimetric instrumentation for testing polymers as the cone calorimeter based on oxygen consumption, the measure of the main combustion parameters [time to ignition (TTI), total heat release and heat release rate (HRR), and corresponding peak] has become feasible 7,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][33][34][35][36] , thus allowing to complete the characterization of the combustion behavior for the textile substrates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal properties and combustion behavior of POSS‐ and bohemite‐finished cotton fabrics

Alongi

Brancatelli²,

Rosace

2011

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A finishing process with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) and bohemite nanoparticles has been exploited for enhancing the thermal stability and flame retardancy of cotton fabrics. The thermal behavior of flame retardant treated cellulosic fabric has been studied by thermogravimetric analyses (TGAs). It has been found that such nanoparticles favor the carbonization of the cellulose and slow down the kinetics of thermo-oxidation in air. At the same time, the finished fabrics have turned out to be more efficient with respect to neat cotton as far as the flame retardancy is concerned, pointing out an increase of the time to ignition (TTI) and a decrease of the heat release rate (HRR). Furthermore, a comparison between the fire performances of the nanoparticles under study and a commercial phosphorus-based flame retardant has been investigated. The morphology and elemental composition present in the treated fabrics have been also investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled to the energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and the results have been compared with the untreated fabric.

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“…The measurements were carried out under a 35kW/m 2 irradiative heat flux in horizontal configuration, following the procedure described elsewhere [21]. were normalised as a function of initial mass due to the significant difference between untreated and treated fabrics.…”

Section: Characterization Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA coatings on cotton fabrics: Effect of molecular size and pH on flame retardancy

Bosco

Casale

Mollea

et al. 2015

Surface and Coatings Technology

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Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) has been mostly considered as a carrier of genetic information and gene expression. Recently, we have demonstrated that this biomacromolecule is very effective in providing cellulosic fabrics with flame retardant features, thanks to its intrinsic intumescent-like behaviour. Here, we have investigated the role played by different parameters on the overall flame retardant features: DNA molecular size, pH of the DNA aqueous solutions, and number of impregnations. For this purpose, herring DNA, at three different molecular sizes, low (100-200 base pairs, bp), medium (400-800 bp) and high (2000-10000 bp), has been selected as model biomacromolecule; its effect as fire protective coating on cotton fabrics has been assessed in terms of resistance to a flame application (through horizontal flame spread tests) and to an irradiative heat flux of 35kW/m 2 (by cone calorimetry). Furthermore, thermogravimetric analyses have been exploited for evaluating thermal and thermo-oxidative stability of the treated fabrics. *Manuscript Click here to view linked References 2The results clearly indicate that, despite a similar composition, the coatings containing low molecular size DNA exert a superior fire protection on the fabric substrate, as clearly indicated by horizontal flame spread and cone calorimetry tests. Multiple impregnation treatment turned out to be more performing than the single one, being equal the final add-on achieved. More specifically, the use of multiple impregnations at pH=4 and 8 allowed achieving self-extinction for 86 and 74%of the tested samples; in addition, 45 and 25% reductions of total heat release and heat release rate peak under 35 kW/m 2 have been found with respect to untreated cotton. These findings may be attributed to themorphology of the low molecular size DNA coating, which shows a greater penetration into the microfibrillar surfaces of the component fibres within the fabric and to its higher thermal stability in air.

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Optimization of the procedure to burn textile fabrics by cone calorimeter: Part I. Combustion behavior of polyester

Cited by 107 publications

References 28 publications

Recent Advances for Flame Retardancy of Textiles Based on Phosphorus Chemistry

Recent Advances for Flame Retardancy of Textiles Based on Phosphorus Chemistry

Thermal properties and combustion behavior of POSS‐ and bohemite‐finished cotton fabrics

DNA coatings on cotton fabrics: Effect of molecular size and pH on flame retardancy

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