Optimization Strategy of Surface and Interface in Electrolyte Structure of Aqueous Zinc-Ion Battery

Abstract

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) are increasingly regarded as promising candidates for large-scale energy storage, because of their advantageous features such as high safety, low cost, abundant resources, and environmental friendliness. However, challenges persist with zinc anodes, including issues such as low Coulombic efficiency (CE) and poor long-term cycle stability due to zinc dendrites, hydrogen evolution, and passivation reactions. These challenges are mainly attributed to the thermodynamic instability of zinc anodes in aqueous electrolytes, leading to a shorter battery cycle life. The optimization of the electrolyte structure has emerged as a straightforward and impactful strategy, making substantial advancements in addressing issues associated with zinc anodes in a systematic manner. This account undertakes a comprehensive analysis of the formation process of the interface structure between the electrolyte and the zinc anode. Strategies for optimization involve precise regulation of the Zn nucleation layer, the construction of in situ artificial anode interface optimization, and the design of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) protective layer. By delving into these critical aspects, the review aims to provide a concise synthesis and future outlook on electrolyte interface structure design strategies for aqueous zinc-ion batteries, offering valuable insights for enhancing overall battery performance.