1992
DOI: 10.1016/0011-9164(92)80148-3
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Optimizing and planning of seawater desalination

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Cited by 8 publications
(2 citation statements)
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“…The RO process has several merits including its reliability and maturity at low investment costs at low capacities coupled with low maintenance cost. As well as this, deteriorated and aging or excessive fouled RO membrane modules can be easily replaced, together with the flexibility of adding new modules to suit any required water quantity and quality with short implementation periods [11]. Moreover, RO processes operate at ambient temperatures unlike thermal desalination processes [4].…”
Section: Reverse Osmosis Processmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The RO process has several merits including its reliability and maturity at low investment costs at low capacities coupled with low maintenance cost. As well as this, deteriorated and aging or excessive fouled RO membrane modules can be easily replaced, together with the flexibility of adding new modules to suit any required water quantity and quality with short implementation periods [11]. Moreover, RO processes operate at ambient temperatures unlike thermal desalination processes [4].…”
Section: Reverse Osmosis Processmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Having overcome the impediments of scaling and corrosion in the tubes successfully with the technological developments in materials and techniques, the market share of VTE-MED system has been increasing steadily over the past decades [1]. On the other hand, the long-term stability of nuclear fuel price, the low level of CO 2 and NO x emissions warrant special attraction to using nuclear energy for seawater desalination [2][3][4]. As the international highlights to extend the application of the nuclear energy recommended by IAEA, the VTE-MED system coupled with low temperature nuclear heating reactor (NHR) has been proved to be a promising alternative for the solution of the worldwide potable water shortages [4,5].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%