Optimizing Electric Vehicle Charging With Energy Storage in the Electricity Market

Jin, Chenrui; Tang, Jian; Ghosh, Prasanta Kumar

doi:10.1109/tsg.2012.2218834

Cited by 232 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The overall charging profile of each aggregator is first allocated at the power distribution level and a heuristic method is then used to obtain the charging rate of each EV. The aggregator's profit in [7,13] is maximized by MILP and fuzzy linear programming (FLP), respectively. Two LP models were formulated in [14] to optimize EV charging in a parking station with different points of view, i.e., to maximize either the operator's revenue or the number of completely charged EVs.…”

Section: Review Of Existing Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Charging and Discharging Scheduling for Electric Vehicles in a Parking Station with Photovoltaic System and Energy Storage System

2017

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Abstract:The economic and environmental benefits brought by electric vehicles (EVs) cannot be fully delivered unless these vehicles are fully or partially charged by renewable energy sources (RES) such as photovoltaic system (PVS). Nevertheless, the EV charging management problem of a parking station integrated with RES is challenging due to the uncertain nature of local RES generation. This paper aims to address these difficulties by deploying an energy storage system (ESS) in parking stations and exploiting the charging and discharging scheduling of EVs to achieve better utilization of intermittent PVS for EV charging. A real-time charging optimization scheme is also formulated, using mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) to coordinate the charging or discharging power of EVs along with the power dispatches of power grid and ESS based on the vehicles' charging or discharging priorities and electricity price preferences. Extensive simulations show that the proposed approach not only maximizes the satisfaction of EV owners in terms of fulfilling all charging and discharging requests, but also minimizes the overall operational cost of the parking station by prioritizing the utilization of energy from PVS, ESS, and scheduling of every EV's charging and discharging.

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Section: Review Of Existing Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Charging and Discharging Scheduling for Electric Vehicles in a Parking Station with Photovoltaic System and Energy Storage System

2017

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“…For instance, batteries and flywheels can be used for regulation, while pumped hydro can be used for day-night arbitrage. Electric vehicles are also becoming a source of distributed energy storage [33], whereas there are some types of demand response devices (e.g. residential water heaters [34]) that may act as distributed energy storage, as well, due to their inherent storage capacity.…”

Section: Flexibility Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexibility Envelopes for Power System Operational Planning

Nosair

Bouffard

2015

IEEE Trans. Sustain. Energy

194

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Operational planning is an integral part of maintaining economic operation of the bulk power system and keeping the lights on. Traditionally, power systems have been designed without ramping capability concerns, such that operational planning needed only focus on capacity adequacy, while assuming sufficient ramping capability. Today, the integration of renewable energy sources has led to increased variability and uncertainty in the power balance, thus warranting the need to carefully assess the ramping adequacy of resources on top of capacity requirements. Moreover, the advent of energy-constrained resources, such as energy storage and demand response, has warranted the need to plan power systems in the face of energy scarcity, in addition to ramping and capacity scarcity. Consequently, traditional operational planning is becoming less capable of handling the new reality of modern sustainable power systems integrating high levels of renewable energy. This has led to the emerging concept of power system flexibility, to emphasize on the need to plan capacity, ramping, and energy altogether. Concurrently, there has also been an increasing interest in stochastic planning to handle the increased uncertainty. That being said, the current state of the art on operational planning remains confined to the traditional thinking, especially when defining operating reserve requirements. To that end, this dissertation proposes a modernization of the concept of operating reserve, in light of the emerging concept of power system flexibility. The concept of a flexibility requirement envelope is introduced to accurately capture the capacity, ramping, and energy requirements arising from variability and uncertainty. Equally, the concept of a flexibility envelope is proposed to capture the capacity, ramping, and energy capability of a power system resource. Adequate system flexibility is asserted when the aggregate flexibility envelope of power system resources encloses the flexibility requirement envelope while performing operational planning. The concept of envelope enclosure is formulated both deterministically and probabilistically, and its effectiveness is illustrated via several examples throughout the dissertation. Furthermore, the dissertation proposes dynamical operational planning, which is expected to open new avenues in operational planning research and practice.ii Résumé La planification opérationnelle fait partie intégrante du maintien d'un régime opérationneĺ economique et fiable des réseauxélectriques. Traditionnellement, les réseaux ontété conçus sans avoirà se soucier des phénomènes de rampes de puissance, de telle sorte que la planification opérationnelle devait uniquement traiter l'adéquation des capacités en partant du principe que les capacités de rampe deséquipements du réseauétaient suffisantes. De nos jours, l'intégration des sources d'énergie renouvelables a contribuéà augmenter la variabilité et l'incertitude dans l'équilibre de puissance entre la production et la charge. Cela nécessite d'évaluer p...

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“…Eric et al [4] develop unidirectional charging regulation algorithms for an aggregator with 10,000 EVs to increase aggregator's profits and reduce the impact of charging load and customer costs. Chenrui Jin et al [5] investigate the optimal scheduling of EV charging with energy storage using combined information of day-ahead price and real-time price. Tushar et al [6] propose EV charging scheme to reduce the effect of PV power intermittency and the cost of PV-powered charging stations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Scheduling of PEV Charging/Discharging in Microgrids with Combined Objectives

Cao¹,

Cheng²,

Chen³

2016

SGRE

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While renewable power generation and vehicle electrification are promising solutions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, it faces great challenges to effectively integrate them in a power grid. The weather-dependent power generation of renewable energy sources, such as Photovoltaic (PV) arrays, could introduce significant intermittency to a power grid. Meanwhile, uncontrolled PEV charging may cause load surge in a power grid. This paper studies the optimization of PEV charging/discharging scheduling to reduce customer cost and improve grid performance. Optimization algorithms are developed for three cases: 1) minimize cost, 2) minimize power deviation from a pre-defined power profile, and 3) combine objective functions in 1) and 2). A Microgrid with PV arrays, bi-directional PEV charging stations, and a commercial building is used in this study. The bi-directional power from/to PEVs provides the opportunity of using PEVs to reduce the intermittency of PV power generation and the peak load of the Microgrid. Simulation has been performed for all three cases and the simulation results show that the presented optimization algorithms can meet defined objectives.

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Optimizing Electric Vehicle Charging With Energy Storage in the Electricity Market

Cited by 232 publications

References 14 publications

Optimal Charging and Discharging Scheduling for Electric Vehicles in a Parking Station with Photovoltaic System and Energy Storage System

Optimal Charging and Discharging Scheduling for Electric Vehicles in a Parking Station with Photovoltaic System and Energy Storage System

Flexibility Envelopes for Power System Operational Planning

Optimal Scheduling of PEV Charging/Discharging in Microgrids with Combined Objectives

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