Optimizing Patient Outcomes with PD‐1/PD‐L1 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for the First‐Line Treatment of Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer

La‐Beck, Ninh M.; Nguyen, Dung; Le, Alex D.; Alzghari, Saeed K; Trinh, Saralinh

doi:10.1002/phar.2364

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…For their nature, ICIs restore the cellular-mediated immunocompetence. By blocking the checkpoints PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA4/B7, the cellular mediated anti-tumor activity of the immune system is then successfully restored and the cancer cells can be efficiently eliminated by the immune system [ 58 ].…”

Section: Covid-19 and Anti-cancer Therapy: Advantages And Disadvanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer Management during COVID-19 Pandemic: Is Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-Based Immunotherapy Harmful or Beneficial?

Vivarelli

Falzone

Grillo

et al. 2020

Cancers

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently representing a global health threat especially for fragile individuals, such as cancer patients. It was demonstrated that cancer patients have an increased risk of developing a worse symptomatology upon severe acute respiratory syndrome associated coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, often leading to hospitalization and intensive care. The consequences of this pandemic for oncology are really heavy, as the entire healthcare system got reorganized. Both oncologists and cancer patients are experiencing rescheduling of treatments and disruptions of appointments with a concurrent surge of fear and stress. In this review all the up-to-date findings, concerning the association between COVID-19 and cancer, are reported. A remaining very debated question regards the use of an innovative class of anti-cancer molecules, the immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), given their modulating effects on the immune system. For that reason, administration of ICIs to cancer patients represents a question mark during this pandemic, as its correlation with COVID-19-associated risks is still under investigation. Based on the mechanisms of action of ICIs and the current evidence, we suggest that ICIs not only can be safely administered to cancer patients, but they might even be beneficial in COVID-19-positive cancer patients, by exerting an immune-stimulating action.

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Section: Covid-19 and Anti-cancer Therapy: Advantages And Disadvanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer Management during COVID-19 Pandemic: Is Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-Based Immunotherapy Harmful or Beneficial?

Vivarelli

Falzone

Grillo

et al. 2020

Cancers

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“…They include an anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1 and anti-CTLA-4 antibody which shows a progressive immunotherapy treatment of solid tumors includes the head and neck, urothelial, melanoma, haematological, renal carcinoma and lung cancer, it could be alone, in combination or with chemotherapy [ 60 , 61 , 62 ]. The anti-tumor cellular mediated immune response is recovered, and the cancer cells could be removed from the immune system by the blockage of PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA4/B7 checkpoints ( Figure 6 ) [ 63 ].…”

Section: How Can Blockage By Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Be Beneficial For the Cancer Patients?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Action of Immunotherapy and Nanotherapy against Cancer Patients Infected with SARS-CoV-2 and the Use of Artificial Intelligence

Gupta

Debele

Wei

et al. 2022

Cancers

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Since 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has caused a huge chaos throughout the world and the major threat has been possessed by the immune-compromised individuals involving the cancer patients; their weakened immune response makes them vulnerable and susceptible to the virus. The oncologists as well as their patients are facing many problems for their treatment sessions as they need to postpone their surgery, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy. The approach that could be adopted especially for the cancer patients is the amalgamation of immunotherapy and nanotherapy which can reduce the burden on the healthcare at this peak time of the infection. There is also a need to predict or analyze the data of cancer patients who are at a severe risk of being exposed to an infection in order to reduce the mortality rate. The use of artificial intelligence (AI) could be incorporated where the real time data will be available to the physicians according to the different patient’s clinical characteristics and their past treatments. With this data, it will become easier for them to modify or replace the treatment to increase the efficacy against the infection. The combination of an immunotherapy and nanotherapy will be targeted to treat the cancer patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 and the AI will act as icing on the cake to monitor, predict and analyze the data of the patients to improve the treatment regime for the most vulnerable patients.

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“…In sharp contrast to the way that chemotherapy and radiotherapy exert their therapeutic effect, ICIs favor immunocompetence [ 57 ]. It has been suggested that the ability of ICIs to enhance the effector function of cytotoxic T-cells may explain the shorter recovery period from COVID-19 in patients with cancer receiving immunotherapy [ 52 ].…”

Section: Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 Axis Inhibition in Viral Infections: Clinical Data and Therapeutic Opportunities

et al. 2022

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A vital function of the immune system is the modulation of an evolving immune response. It is responsible for guarding against a wide variety of pathogens as well as the establishment of memory responses to some future hostile encounters. Simultaneously, it maintains self-tolerance and minimizes collateral tissue damage at sites of inflammation. In recent years, the regulation of T-cell responses to foreign or self-protein antigens and maintenance of balance between T-cell subsets have been linked to a distinct class of cell surface and extracellular components, the immune checkpoint molecules. The fact that both cancer and viral infections exploit similar, if not the same, immune checkpoint molecules to escape the host immune response highlights the need to study the impact of immune checkpoint blockade on viral infections. More importantly, the process through which immune checkpoint blockade completely changed the way we approach cancer could be the key to decipher the potential role of immunotherapy in the therapeutic algorithm of viral infections. This review focuses on the effect of programmed cell death protein 1/programmed death-ligand 1 blockade on the outcome of viral infections in cancer patients as well as the potential benefit from the incorporation of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in treatment of viral infections.

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Optimizing Patient Outcomes with PD‐1/PD‐L1 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for the First‐Line Treatment of Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer

Cited by 17 publications

References 63 publications

Cancer Management during COVID-19 Pandemic: Is Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-Based Immunotherapy Harmful or Beneficial?

Cancer Management during COVID-19 Pandemic: Is Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-Based Immunotherapy Harmful or Beneficial?

Synergistic Action of Immunotherapy and Nanotherapy against Cancer Patients Infected with SARS-CoV-2 and the Use of Artificial Intelligence

Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 Axis Inhibition in Viral Infections: Clinical Data and Therapeutic Opportunities

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