Optimum Transit Operations during the Emergency Evacuations

A Review of Relief Supply Chain Optimization

“…Song et al (2009) applied stochastic simulation with a hybrid intelligent algorithm to optimize bus routing and passenger pick up points during the hurricane evacuation. Salmeron and Apte (2010) developed a two-stage stochastic optimization model to guide the allocation of budget to acquire and position relief assets, decisions that typically need to be made well in advance before a disaster strikes.…”

“…The second greatest general objective function is time aspect only to minimize response travel time (Duran et al, 2011;Yan and Shih, 2009;Rachaniotis et al, 2013) and evacuation time (Kongsomsaksakul et al, 2005;Song et al, 2009) for relief supply chain and humanitarian logistics system. However, while cost and time familiarize the objective function for mathematical models in this interest field, Yi and Kumar (2007), Yi and Ozdamar (2007), Dessouky et al (2006) and Ozdamar et al (2004) minimized sum of unsatisfied demand of effected people.…”

“…Thus, a variety of heuristic approach is mainly found to solve them, such as shortest-path algorithm (Song et al, 2009), Lagrangian L-shaped method (Rawls and Turnquist, 2010), sample average approximation method (Klibi et al, 2013;Chang et al, 2007) the transit evacuation operations as a location-routing problem with uncertain demands based on shortest path algorithm. The hybrid genetic algorithms, artificial neural network, and hill climbing heuristic algorithms have been proposed for solving problems.…”

A Transit-Based Evacuation Model for Metropolitan Areas

“…Chen (2009) proposed a bi-level optimization model to determine waiting locations and corresponding shelters in a transit-based evacuation; the model was applied on the network within the University of Maryland. Song (2009) formulated transit evacuation operation during a natural disaster as a location-routing problem aiming to minimize total evacuation time; the problem identified the optimal serving area and transit vehicle routings to move evacuees to safety shelters. Abdelgawad (2010) developed an approach to optimally operate the available capacity of mass transit to evacuate transit-dependent people during no-notice evacuation of urban areas; an extended vehicle routing problem was proposed to determine the optimal scheduling and routing for the buses to minimize the total evacuation time.…”

A two-stage robustness approach to evacuation planning with buses

“…What many such disasters have in common is their no-notice nature, in which exact data is likely to be not available. Thus, evacuation planning under uncertainty is a recently blossoming field of research, see, e.g., [SE10,SHZ09,ZLZW10,YMC09].…”