Optimum Treatment Parameters for Photodynamic Antimicrobial Chemotherapy on <italic>Streptococcus mutans</italic> Biofilms

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of Photochemotherapy using a combination of erythrosine and standard halogen dental curing lights on the viability of Streptococcus mutans in the biofilm phase. To investigate the optimum treatment parameters, the researchers controlled the concentration of erythrosine, light irradiation time and the treatment time of erythrosine. The higher concentration of erythrosine (0, 10, 20, 40, 80 M) in the presence of light irradiation created greater effects in reducing the viability of S. mutans. The results showed a statistically significant difference among the antimicrobial effects in 20, 40, 80 M erythrosine. The higher irradiation time of light (0, 5, 15, 30, 60, 75s) in the presence of erythrosine showed greater effects in reducing the viability of S. mutans. There was statistically significant difference in 30, 60, 75 seconds. The higher treatment time of erythrosine (0, 1, 2.5, 5min) in the presence of erythrosine created greater effects on reduction of S. mutans viability. Statistically significant differences were found between 2.5 and 5 minutes of erythrosine treatment time. The results of this study showed that the photochemotherapy on S. mutans using erythrosine and the halogen dental curing lights conventionally used in dental clinics is effective in the condition of 20-40 M erythrosine concentration, irradiation time over 30 seconds, and erythrosine treatment time over 2.5 minutes.

Application of Teeth Whitening LED for Prevention of Dental Caries : Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Approach

“…In this study, the total irradiation time was set as 15 minutes. The energy of photodynamic therapy with erythrosine, which was most effective with halogen light, was observed to be above 18 J [12,13]. Since the output of the home whitening In our study, aPDT groups showed 95% reduction in planktonic states, whereas in dynamic biofilm state, the reduction rate ranged from 53% to 61%.…”

“…In this study, erythrosine (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) was chosen as a photosensitizer. The erythrosine concentration was 20 μM/L and it was prepared in phosphate buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4), sterilized by filtration, covered in an aluminum foil, and stored at -20°C [11][12][13].…”

Antimicrobial Effect on <italic>Streptococcus mutans</italic> in Photodynamic Therapy using Different Light Source

“…Erythrosine is effective in the treatment of intraoral bio-films [12]. PDT using a halogen curing unit and erythrosine for S. mutans biofilms optimized the concentration of erythrosine (> 20 -40 μM) and application time (>2.5 min) for the prevention of dental caries [20].…”

“…In this study, 18 J/cm 2 of energy was irradiated in all light sources. The optimal dental caries preventive effect in PDT using erythrosine and halogen has been determined to be an irradiation time exceeding 30 s, with an energy output of the halogen of 600 mW/cm 2 [20]. Presently, the result of PDT was the same for the three groups with the same amount of energy was used along with photosensitizer.…”

“…Choi et al . [20] reported that the PDT was performed while changing the light irradiation time to the S. mutans biofilm using a 600 mW/cm 2 halogen light source and the antibacterial effect was significantly increased when the irradiation time was PDT outcome differed between the planktonic and biofilm states. In the planktonic state, compared with the group that had no treatment, the use of both light source and photosensitizer reduced bacterial viability by about 1000 times more.…”