Options for improving effectiveness of rotavirus vaccines in developing countries

Tissera, Marion S; Cowley, Daniel; Bogdanovic-Sakran, Nada; Hutton, Melanie L.; Lyras, Dena; Kirkwood, Carl D.; Buttery, Jim

doi:10.1080/21645515.2016.1252493

Cited by 24 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 68 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Following the introduction of a rotavirus vaccine, strain surveillance is of great importance in detecting the genotypic changes that may arise. At the molecular level, the genetic characteristics of rotaviruses can be followed by noting variation not only in rotavirus genotypes, but also in rotavirus electrophoretic patterns over a period of time ( Tissera et al, 2017 ). The variability in strain prevalence in Nairobi County was assessed through the characterization of electrophoretic profiles and genotype analysis in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-vaccine rotavirus genotype distribution in Nairobi County, Kenya

Gikonyo

Mbatia

Okanya

et al. 2020

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Highlights This article reports post-vaccine rotavirus G and P genotypes in Nairobi County. G1P[8] dominance has decreased following the introduction of Rotarix. There has been an increased prevalence of G2 genotypes following Rotarix introduction. There has been a change in genetic diversity of rotavirus strains in Nairobi, Kenya.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-vaccine rotavirus genotype distribution in Nairobi County, Kenya

Gikonyo

Mbatia

Okanya

et al. 2020

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…58,59 Some researchers speculate that the gut microbiota may influence rotavirus infection and vaccine immunogenicity. 60,61 However, an in-depth analysis of the intestinal microbiome following rotavirus infection in the small intestine has yet to be undertaken. As such, the role of the microbiome in modulating rotavirus infection remains poorly understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rotavirus infection induces glycan availability to promote ileum-specific changes in the microbiome aiding rotavirus virulence

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Multiple studies have identified changes within the gut microbiome in response to diarrheal-inducing bacterial pathogens. However, examination of the microbiome in response to viral pathogens remains understudied. Compounding this, many studies use fecal samples to assess microbiome composition; which may not accurately mirror changes within the small intestine, the primary site for most enteric virus infections. As a result, the functional significance of small intestinal microbiome shifts during infection is not well defined. To address these gaps, rotavirus-infected neonatal mice were examined for changes in bacterial community dynamics, host gene expression, and tissue recovery during infection. Profiling bacterial communities using 16S rRNA sequencing suggested significant and distinct changes in ileal communities in response to rotavirus infection, with no significant changes for other gastrointestinal (GI) compartments. At 1-d post-infection, we observed a loss in Lactobacillus species from the ileum, but an increase in Bacteroides and Akkermansia, both of which exhibit mucin-digesting capabilities. Concomitant with the bacterial community shifts, we observed a loss of mucin-filled goblet cells in the small intestine at d 1, with recovery occurring by d 3. Rotavirus infection of mucin-producing cell lines and human intestinal enteroids (HIEs) stimulated release of stored mucin granules, similar to in vivo findings. In vitro, incubation of mucins with Bacteroides or Akkermansia members resulted in significant glycan degradation, which altered the binding capacity of rotavirus in silico and in vitro. Taken together, these data suggest that the response to and recovery from rotavirus-diarrhea is unique between subcompartments of the GI tract and may be influenced by mucin-degrading microbes.

show abstract

“…Furthermore, because real-time PCR-based genotyping methods were proved to be significantly cost-effective, this technique can serve as an alternative tool to the multiplex semi-nested RT-PCR method. Kottaridi et al [ 21 ] was applied the real-time PCR as a diagnostic tool for rotavirus genotyping, but in developing countries, because of genetic diversity and co-infection with other gastrointestinal pathogens, it is required to re-evaluate molecular techniques for the determination of rotavirus genotypes [ 26 , 27 ] . Therefore, these issues highlight the need for the analysis of a method that would allow the cost-effective, rapid and highly sensitive detection of HRV genotypes with a wider dynamic range.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Real-Time RT-PCR Assay for Genotyping of Rotavirus

Mousavi-Nasab

Sabahi

Kaghazian

et al. 2020

ibj

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: HRV is the causative agent of severe gastroenteritis in children and responsible for two million hospitalizations and more than a half-million deaths annually. Sequence characteristics of the gene segments encoding the VP7 and VP4 proteins are used for the genotype classification of rotavirus. A wide variety of molecular methods are available, mainly based on reverse transcription PCR for rapid, specific and sensitive genotyping of rotaviruses. This study describes an alternative real-time PCR assay for genotyping of rotavirus. Methods: The samples of stools studied in this research have been collected from patients referred to Children's Medical Centers, Tehran, Iran. Rotavirus detection and genotyping were performed using the RT-PCR and seminested RT-PCR, respectively. Samples were then genotyped with a new real-time PCR. Results: The real-time PCR was able to genotype all positive samples with a mean C t of 28.2. Besides, a concordance rate of 100% was detected between real-time PCR and semi-nested RT-PCR. Conclusion: In this study, the genotyping of rotavirus with real-time PCR showed that this method can provide several favorable features, including high sensitivity and specificity, and a wide dynamic range for rotavirus genotyping.

show abstract

Options for improving effectiveness of rotavirus vaccines in developing countries

Cited by 24 publications

References 68 publications

Post-vaccine rotavirus genotype distribution in Nairobi County, Kenya

Post-vaccine rotavirus genotype distribution in Nairobi County, Kenya

Rotavirus infection induces glycan availability to promote ileum-specific changes in the microbiome aiding rotavirus virulence

A Real-Time RT-PCR Assay for Genotyping of Rotavirus

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About