Optogalvanic spectroscopy and hyperfine structure studies in praseodymium

Antidepressant Drugs: Highly Sensitive and Validated Spectrophotometric Technique

“…Further, the proposed method using EBBRbromate bromide mixture as reagent can be applied at ambient temperature and color development is instantaneous. Another advantage of the developed method is more sensitive than the reported spectrofluorometric [16] and spectrophotometric methods [16][17][23][24][25][26]. In addition, organic solvents [16-17, 20, 22, 25-27] are not used in the determination.…”

“…The method developed does not involve multi steps and do not take more operator time and expensive experimental set up like chromatographic methods. Moreover, the proposed method is free from the usual analytical complications like extraction steps [16][17]26] or heating [18] or cooling to 0 to 5 ºC [19], and free from interference by common additives and excipients. Further, the proposed method using EBBRbromate bromide mixture as reagent can be applied at ambient temperature and color development is instantaneous.…”

“…The reported chromatographic techniques [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] require expensive experimental set-up, requires sophisticated instrumentation [15] and involvement of scrupulous experimental conditions which are not affordable in every laboratory for routine analysis; Whereas the reported spectrophotometric methods were associated with some major drawbacks such as, lesser sensitivity [16][17][23][24][25][26], tedious extraction procedures [16][17]26], maintenance of strict experimental conditions [16,17,21] and time consuming [18,20,27]. For these reasons, the development of a new, simple, rapid, selective, sensitive and inexpensive spectrophotometric method that overcomes the drawbacks of the existing methodologies was very essential.…”

“…These methods include chromatographic techniques like HPLC-DAD method using 7,7,8,8-tetracyano-quinodimethane (TCNQ) as a derivatisation agent [7], HPLC with liquid-liquid micro extraction technique [8], RP-HPLC and HPTLC [9] GC [10], GC-MS [11-13,], electrogenerated chemiluminescence [14,], voltammetry [15], spectrofluorimetry [16] and spectrophotometry [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27].…”

Wavefunctions for ground state 4f3 6s2 configuration of praseodymium to calculate energy of fine levels and other spectroscopic quantities

“…In 1988 M N Reddy and G N Rao recorded the atomic spectra of Praseodymium atom using Laser Optogalvanic spectroscopy and recognized 78 atomic transition of neutral atom and 43 transition of singly ionized Pr atom (Pr II). They also reported hyperfine structure of few lines in neutral Praseodymium [5]. In 1997 A Krzykowski et al studied the hyperfine structure(hf) in the configuration f d s 4 5 6 3 of Pr I and reported the hyperfine constant of the lower level belonging to this configuration y using laser induced florescence LIF technique [6].…”